土木工程外文翻譯---在不良地質(zhì)條件下的隧道掘進-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-免費閱讀
【正文】 根據(jù)評估，隧道開挖在不良圍巖狀況下進行，在設計和預算方面要充分地考慮到差額；此方法對采用鉆爆法進行施工的隧道同樣適用。所以，一開始盡可能使用與ＴＢＭ有關(guān)各方面最好的設備及服務很 西南交通大學本科 畢業(yè)設計 第 9 頁 重要。然而對于超過 m 的開挖直徑，就目前的技術(shù)而言，可能還達不到完滿實現(xiàn)運用 TBM 進行硬巖開挖的水平?；谒x的幾例情況，該討論聚焦于相對重要和困難的地質(zhì)情況：可挖性的限制，開挖洞壁的不穩(wěn)定性，開挖掌子面的不穩(wěn)定性，斷層，擠壓狀態(tài)。 在不良地質(zhì)條件下往往產(chǎn)生大量的弱質(zhì)巖石，這樣會使隧道處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，或者產(chǎn)生大量的硬巖，會降低掘進速度。 the importance of the contractor’s expertise and, above all, the personnel director and technical staff on set, is often not given the right attention, while in reality it plays a primary role in the functioning of a TBM, particularly under limiting condition。 Barla G. and Barla M., 1998). There already exists a positive and consolidated experience in the use of TBM’s in rocks of different qualities and strengths for excavation diameters up to m.. Beyond m excavation diameter, the present technology is probably not up to the level of guaranteeing a good performance of TBM’s in hard rook. Designers should take into account these limits during the tunnel design phase, making use whenever possible of the advantages offered by the reduced sections of the tunnel or even by considering the possibility of having other tunnel running in parallel. This is particularly true for motorway tunnel where, in some cases, it is preferable to make tripe tunnels each with two lanes for the traffic flow rathen than twin tunnels each with three lanes. In the case of railway tunnels, it is better to have two relatively small, singletrack tunnels, rather than a large, doubletrack tunnel. 西南交通大學本科 畢業(yè)設計 第 4 頁 A great help in the use of TBM’s could possibly be achieved through the standardization of the section types for road, motorway, and railway tunnels. The could favour the reuse of homogeneous construction works, in addition to gaining considerable advantages in construction times and costs. As well known, the value of the TBM, in terms of direct project costs, is rekatively insignificant. Failure to achieve the desired results and maintain the time schedule, however, significantly affects the project. From the outset it is therefore important to adopt the approach of utilizing the best possible equipment, as far as all the aspects pertaining to the TBM, and the supporting services are concerned. Generally speaking, the most reliable machines are the simple ones as they have the least amount of equipment that can break down (Foster, 1997). In fact, the TBM that is designed to cover all eventualities has too frequently in the past, tended to be problematic in service and produced performances below expectations. On the basis of the above considerations and recent and past experience, it is possible to establish the following points regarding the selection of the type of TBM: TBM the shielded
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