【正文】
Everybody acts not only under external pulsion but also in accordance with inner 動(dòng),也同樣依據(jù)內(nèi)在的需要。 live up to 做到;不辜負(fù)。 motivation — the art of getting people to do what you want them to do because they want to do it 動(dòng)機(jī) —— 使人們因?yàn)樽约合胱龆瞿阆胱屗麄冏龅氖虑榈哪芰Α?incentive — the possibility of getting more money than you can earn 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) —— 得到比你掙的錢更多的可能性。 premium ?????????? (獎(jiǎng)金)看作 pre+mi+um, pre在前, mi拼音“米”即 money, um后綴表物,“在前面放著的錢”→獎(jiǎng)金。 The service we render to others is really the rent we pay for our room on this 的租金。同根詞為 attach( ;使依附)← at(=to)+tach。t capable of being civilized and considerate and contributing and I won39。My slogan is Four hours for work, four hours for study, eight hours for sleep, and eight hours for play.我的口號(hào)是“四小時(shí)工作,四小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),八小時(shí)睡眠,八小時(shí)游戲”。 That government is not best which best secures more life and property — there is a more valuable thing — 的政治不是最好的政治 —— 還有更重要的東西 —— 人的地位。 blueprint ????????????? (藍(lán)圖)← blue+print。反義詞為 fortunately(幸運(yùn)地)← fortun(e)+ate+ly。 windscreen wipers — the eyelashes of 10 rain 汽車風(fēng)檔上的刮水器 —— 雨的睫毛。 All life is essentially the contributions that e form 。 The ear tends to be lazy, craves the familiar and is shocked by the unexpected。Heaven is above all yet: there sits a judge that no king can :那里坐著一位法官,任何國(guó)王都無(wú)法賄賂。 I lived in solitude in the country and noticed how the monotony of a quiet life stimulates the creative ,注意到平靜生活的單調(diào)是如何地激發(fā)著創(chuàng)造力。 The only tolerance in the world, the only tolerance that earns the name, is that toward 的寬容,唯一名副其實(shí)的寬容,是對(duì)不寬容的寬容。 Suspicion is the poison of friendship.懷疑是毒害友誼的毒藥。s way of saying you39。 名詞形式為 addiction ?????????? (成癮)← ad+dict+ion。 Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks ,自由永遠(yuǎn)是也只能是自由。 If we encountered a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he 凡的人,就應(yīng)該問(wèn)他讀的是哪些書(shū)。 charitable ???????????? (仁慈的)即 charit(y)+able, charity 仁慈, able 形容詞后綴。 All poets pretend to write for immortality, but he whole tribe have no objection to present pay and present ,可這些家伙對(duì)眼前的稿酬與眼前的贊揚(yáng)卻全無(wú)異議。s misery ② never having to tell your parents you39。 mutability of human affairs 人世滄桑。 We live in reference to past experience and not to future events, however ,不管那些事件如何必然發(fā)生。 ?????????????? (意義;重要性)即 signify( y 變形為 i)表示 +cance名詞后綴,“表示出來(lái)的東西” →意義。 Nothing is so easy as to deceive one39。 Laughter, n. — An interior convulsion, producing a distortion of the features and acpanied by inarticulate noises.笑,名詞 —— 一種體內(nèi)痙攣,造成面容的變形并伴有說(shuō)不出話的陣陣難聽(tīng)的聲音。 urbanization ????????????????? (都市化)即 urban+iz(e)+ation, urban 都市的,ize“使??”, ation 名詞后綴。 Ant says, nothing can beat the ,群體是不可戰(zhàn)勝的。 enthrone ?????????? (使登基;給予最高地位)即 en+throne, en前綴“使”, throne(寶座;王權(quán))。 4 scorn /?????/ ( )可看作 s+corn, s 象形“蛇 ”, corn 谷,蛇因不吃谷物而對(duì)之“蔑視”。 dispute /?????????/ ( )即 dis+put+e, dis否定前綴, put看作單詞“放”, e 小詞,有人說(shuō)“放”有人說(shuō)“不放”→爭(zhēng)論。 superstition — someone else39。 rebel — a man who says no 反叛者 —— 說(shuō)“不”的人。 1998 Passage 3 重點(diǎn)詞匯: /????????????/? (關(guān)系)← relation 關(guān)系 +ship 抽象名詞后綴(如: friendship 友誼)。 profitability? ?????????????????? (收益率)即 profit+ability, profit( ), ability名詞后綴;參 profitable, 1999 年 Passage 5。 evidence? ??????????? (證據(jù) ,跡象)即 e+vid+ence, e(=ex), vid 詞根“看” =vis(如 visible→ vis+ible→可見(jiàn)的), ence名詞后綴,“能看出來(lái)的東西”→證據(jù)。 Optimism assumes, or attempts to prove, that the universe exists to please us, and pessimism that it exists to displease 宙存在是為了使我們快樂(lè);悲觀主義則假定或企圖證明那是為了使我們不快樂(lè)。 The reason why a great man is great is that he resolves to be a great man.偉人之所以偉大,是因?yàn)樗⒅疽蔀閭ト恕?environment — everything that isn39。 plex?? /??????????? /?? (復(fù)雜的;綜合的;聯(lián)合體)即 +plex, “一起”, plex詞根“重疊”,“重疊在一起的”→復(fù)雜的。 cement?? /????????? / ( ;鞏固 ;膠接劑)。 imagination — ① the highest kite one can fly ② a poor substitute for experience 想象 —— ①一個(gè)人能放得最高的風(fēng)箏 ②經(jīng)驗(yàn)的劣質(zhì)替代品。 persist?? /???????????? /?? ( ,持續(xù))即 per+sist, per“完全”, sist 詞根“站立”,于是“自始至終都 站著”→堅(jiān)持。 environmental?? ?????????????????????? (周圍的,環(huán)境的)← environment 環(huán)境 +al形容詞后綴。 it teaches men to call him count or duke, and thus fet his proper name of 確非常需要頭銜,那使人們稱他為伯爵或公爵,從而忘掉他固有的名字 —— 傻瓜。 irrigation?? ????????????????? (灌溉;水利)與 irritation(激怒;刺激物)一字母之差,聯(lián)想記憶:“溉”的聲母為 g,故灌溉為 irriGation,而 irriTAtion 為激怒“他”。 only a very few people can swallow ,只有極少數(shù)的人能咽得下去。 disjunction? ??????????????? ( ,分裂)即 dis+junction, dis否定前綴, junction( ,連接處)。 blunt? ??????? 率直的;鈍的;使鈍。 /????????/? ( )看作 re+bell+ing, re反復(fù), bell 鈴, ing 表“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)”,聯(lián)想:監(jiān)獄里警鈴大作→犯人們“造反”了! rebel( )。 schism /??????/ (組織的分裂;派系)← sch+ism, sch看作 scholar(學(xué)者) , ism 抽象名詞后綴,學(xué)者之間是分“派系”的。 Envy is more difficult to eliminate than hate between two ,忌妒比仇恨更難消除。s Manifesto(網(wǎng)上到處有原文下載),書(shū)中作者將 environmentalists 視為同盟,并表達(dá)了 scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia 的觀點(diǎn),于是可理解真題文章中為何人們將“環(huán)境主義者”與“反科學(xué)”聯(lián)系起來(lái)。 epithet /???????/ (稱號(hào),綽號(hào))看作 epi+the+t, epi前綴 =up, the 定冠詞, t 他,“在他名字上面加個(gè)東西”→綽號(hào)。 ??????????? (不斷的;不停地)← non+stop。 another is, and that39。使我們與 其它動(dòng)物相區(qū)別的只有這一點(diǎn)。 construct ???????????? ( ,構(gòu)造)即 con+struct, con“一起”, struct 詞根“建造”;同義同根詞: structure( )← struct+ure 后綴。The opposite of love is 。參 define( 2020 年 Text 4); finite( 2020 年 Passage 3)等。 The self is not something 6 readymade, but something in continuous formation through choice of ,而是通過(guò)行為的選擇不斷形成的。 a incurably disease 不治之癥。 I must discard riches, the certificate of 。 man creates by inspiration, strengthened by ,人類憑著由觀察加強(qiáng)的靈感創(chuàng)造。 assumption — the mother of screwup 臆斷 —— 把事情弄糟的根源。 on the other hand, the humanities are concerned rather with providing for the special meaning of the individual event within an appropriate general ,人文科學(xué)則更關(guān)心在適當(dāng)?shù)囊话阈泽w系之內(nèi)提供個(gè)別情況的特殊意義。 Man can survive only when he has the substance。 cocaine ????????? (可卡因)即 coca+ine, coca 古柯(一種藥用植物), ine 醫(yī)藥化學(xué)名詞后綴“生物堿”,故 cocaine 也譯作“古柯堿”。 negative ?????????? (否定的,消極的)← neg 否定 前綴 +ative 形容詞后綴;參 neglect(忽略), 1999 年 Passage 5。同根詞: torture( .拷問(wèn);折磨)← tort+ure后綴,“使身體扭曲的一種行為”。 The first symptom of true love in a man is timidity, in a g