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外文翻譯--研究利用差動(dòng)齒輪系實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械混合壓力-免費(fèi)閱讀

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【正文】 所以增加了制造成本和機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的運(yùn)行代價(jià),因此在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中是無效的。曲柄軸有兩個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)方向;因此它很靈活。當(dāng)常規(guī)電機(jī)或伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)時(shí),或同時(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)它們時(shí),機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的曲柄滑塊可以獲得差動(dòng)角速度。根據(jù)方程( 9)和( 10), P1 是負(fù)值。因此當(dāng)輸出角速度在不同的工作區(qū)域運(yùn)行時(shí),兩個(gè)電機(jī)載荷之比也不同。 在混合機(jī)械的差速齒輪中,調(diào)速振幅是最基本和最重要的技術(shù)參數(shù)。 圖 2 滑塊的理想核心位置 常規(guī)電機(jī)對(duì)輸出 運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響 當(dāng)伺服電機(jī)停止運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí), n2=0,只有常規(guī)電機(jī)的角速度 影響輸出的角速度 n0。速度 V1和 V3應(yīng)該盡可能一樣快,速度 V2 應(yīng)該緩慢、靈活,目的是為了確保機(jī)械壓力機(jī)每分鐘的工作次數(shù)并能滿足不同技術(shù)的要求。因此它既可以節(jié)約機(jī)器制造代價(jià)又可以節(jié)約機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)成本。差動(dòng)輪系的輸出軸由曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)的曲柄軸連接而成。這種方法相當(dāng)復(fù)雜,因?yàn)檫B桿機(jī)構(gòu)每根連桿的長度和位置的改變會(huì)對(duì)機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的滑塊運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生影響。杜和郭已經(jīng)全面討論了七桿的機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的混合機(jī)制,包括組成連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的可行條件,滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力分析,和兩臺(tái)電機(jī)之間轉(zhuǎn)矩和功率的分配以及它們之間的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明后者的方案能比伺服電機(jī)使用更低的功率,因此這種方案能使得制造和使用成本低得多。 and (ii) the conventional motor and the servomotor are separately driven. The conventional motor and the servomotor being simultaneously driven. This scheme shows that the angular velocity of the crankshaft of the mechanical press is posed of the angular velocity of the conventional motor as the basic speed and the angular velocity of the servomotor as the adjustable speed (Figure 3). The angular velocity and the powers can be calculated by using eqs. (1)― (18). The conventional motor and the servomotor being separately driven. This scheme shows that only one motor is driven in the hybrid input course and at the same time another motor is braked, . when the crankshaft is in differential running stage, the conventional motor and the servomotor are separately operated。 ZHANG ZhiYuan2 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science amp。 the other input axis links the servomotor through the reducing unit II. Therefore the motion of the crankshaft is pletely controlled by the motions of the conventional motor and the servomotor. The reducing unit ? and the reducing unit II are respectively installed between the two motors and the differential gear unit in the way of serial in order to bear a part of reducing velocity task of the all transmission system, because too big drive ratio of the differential gear train will make its driving efficiency decreased. The angular velocity of the conventional motor is constant, so its price is cheaper. The angular velocity of the servomotor is adjustable, so its price is expensive. In the system of the hybrid mechanism the constant speed of the output axis is provided by high power conventional motor。它不僅規(guī)定了可調(diào)節(jié)幅度速度 ,而且還決定了伺服電動(dòng)機(jī)功率比的傳統(tǒng)電機(jī)。研究機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的混合機(jī)械的目的是使用大功率常規(guī)電機(jī)利用飛輪來完成工件的沖壓;并使用低功率的伺服電機(jī)來調(diào)整滑塊速度。 調(diào)速幅度和差速比的概念在他們的作品中沒有提到,并且兩電機(jī)的速度變化和功率之間的關(guān)系也沒有清楚的給出。隨著 200 噸的機(jī)械壓力機(jī)作為工程背景,機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的混合動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)已設(shè)計(jì)出來,并且在機(jī)械壓力機(jī)中的兩種驅(qū)動(dòng)方案的可行性也已得到了分析。伺服電機(jī)的角速度是可調(diào)的,所以它的價(jià)格昂貴。低速的滑塊是為了避免對(duì)模具產(chǎn)生重大的影響,有益于塑料工件的成型。三根軸的力矩分別為 M1, M2和M0。 調(diào)速振幅和差速比 調(diào)速振幅 為了正確的描述混合機(jī)械的差速齒輪系的變化速度,需要引入調(diào)速振幅的概念。 根據(jù)角速度和扭矩成反比,相同的載荷可以由常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺服電機(jī)來驅(qū)動(dòng)這一事實(shí),一個(gè)代表兩個(gè)電機(jī)的功率的方程可以被推倒出來。調(diào)速和差速比的數(shù)值決定了兩個(gè)電機(jī)之間的工作載荷 分配。為了節(jié)約能量,輸出角速度應(yīng)當(dāng)避免或者減少在減速區(qū)域運(yùn)行。 因?yàn)?1K+1,所以曲柄軸的輸出角速度是可以調(diào)節(jié)的而且能設(shè)計(jì)出來,且能獲得一個(gè)很小的輸出角速度 n10。通過以上的分析和計(jì)算,可以得到如下結(jié)論: ( 1) 調(diào)速振幅和差速比是混合機(jī)械的兩個(gè)重要參數(shù)。因此,這種方案在實(shí)際工業(yè)工程中屬于可行的方案。這兩個(gè)輸出角速度的物理感應(yīng)比較可以由圖 4 來說明。 常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺 服電機(jī)分開驅(qū)動(dòng) 這種方案表明在混合輸入過程中只驅(qū)動(dòng)一臺(tái)電動(dòng)機(jī),同時(shí)另一個(gè)電機(jī)制動(dòng),即當(dāng)曲柄軸在不同的運(yùn)行階段,常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺服電機(jī)是分開運(yùn)行的;因此可以獲得不同的輸出角速度。因此當(dāng)輸出角速度在減速區(qū)域,常規(guī)電機(jī)比其他領(lǐng)域消耗更多的能量。 輸出軸在增速區(qū)域運(yùn)行 伺服電機(jī)在正方向運(yùn)行, 0K1,P1 和 P2都是正值,所以常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺服電機(jī)都承受一部分工作載荷。它是差速齒輪系統(tǒng)中的一項(xiàng)重要技術(shù)參數(shù)。 常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺服電機(jī)對(duì)輸出運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響 當(dāng)常規(guī)電機(jī)和伺服電機(jī)同時(shí)以經(jīng)過差速齒輪系的組成來運(yùn)行時(shí),輸出速度可以表達(dá)。為了方便的表達(dá)三個(gè)軸之間的關(guān)系,和常規(guī)電機(jī)連接的軸叫軸 1,和伺服電機(jī)連接的軸叫軸 2,和曲軸連接的軸叫軸 0?;瑝K以很大的速度(稱作快速進(jìn)給階段)從頂部死角中心移到工作起點(diǎn)。減速器 1和減速器 2以串行方式安裝在兩個(gè)電機(jī)和差速齒輪系單元之間目的是為了承擔(dān)所有傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的一部分減速任務(wù),因?yàn)樘蟮牟顒?dòng)齒輪系傳動(dòng)比會(huì)使得傳動(dòng)效率下降。為了簡化機(jī)械模型并使得問題更加透明,在這篇文章中差速齒輪系常作為傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)來研究機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的混合問題。 Tokuz 首次提出了混合機(jī)構(gòu)并且使用差動(dòng)齒輪系分析了合成速度?;旌蟿?dòng)力機(jī)制是一種有 2 個(gè)自由度的機(jī)制(也稱為差速機(jī)制),當(dāng)兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的運(yùn)動(dòng)同時(shí)輸入時(shí),輸出的運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠滿足一些運(yùn)動(dòng)要求,這些要求通過機(jī)械的運(yùn)動(dòng)組成來獲得的。 therefore it is flexible. Figure 4 Physical sense of the parison of the two output angular speed. Because drive ratios 2 i10 and 1 i20 are independent of each other, and the operation and the servomotor operation of the conventional motors are independent of each other too, the values of the two drive ratios can be assigned a very different value (one is very small, and the other is very big), so the two output angular velocities may differ greatly. So doing can satisfy the motion requirements of the mechanical press slide in different stages. The physical sense of parison of the two output angular speed is illustrated as in Figure 4. 5 Conclusion According to the velocity characteristics of the mechanical press, the differential gear train is applied in the hybrid mechanism of the mechanical press. Through the above analysis and calculation, the following conclusions can be reached: (1) The adjustablespeed amplitude and differentialspeed ratio are important parameters of the hybrid mechanism. They are not only the ratio of the adjustable speed to the basic speed, but also the ratio of the power of the servomotor to the power of the conventional motor. (2) With the scheme of the conventional motor and the servomotor b
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