外文翻譯--節(jié)水灌溉-免費閱讀
【正文】 鹽堿地果園灌水應注意地下水位，以防止返鹽、返堿。山前傾斜平原地形坡度大，沉積物顆粒粗，徑流通暢，地下水補給豐富，水質(zhì)優(yōu)良，有利于開發(fā)利用。在要灌溉時把地下水位抬高到水可以進入根系活動層的高度，地面仍保持干燥，所以非常省水，不灌溉時把地下水位降下去。滴灌的主要方式有： .固定式地面滴灌、半固定式地面滴灌、 .膜下灌、地下滴灌等。一般說來，其明顯的優(yōu)點是灌水均勻，少占耕地，節(jié)省人力，對地形的適應性強。按灌溉水是通過何種途徑進入根系活動層，灌水方法可分為地面灌溉、噴灌、微灌和地下灌溉。 河 北 農(nóng) 業(yè) 大 學 本科畢業(yè) （設計） 論文 外文文獻翻譯 學 院： 城鄉(xiāng)建設學院 專業(yè)班級： 農(nóng)業(yè)水利工程 0901 班 學 號： 2020224010113 學生姓名： 周飛 指導教師姓名： 高惠嫣 指導教師職稱： 講師 二 零一三 年 三 月 1 Watersaving irrigation 1. Existing watersaving irrigation methods Irrigation methods, field water distribution method is how to have been sent to the farms, the irrigation water is evenly distributed to the active layer of the crop root. Irrigation water is the means by which to enter the active layer of roots, irrigation methods can be divided into surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, microirrigation and underground irrigation. surface irrigation Surface irrigation is an ancient traditional irrigation method, in general, it is as pare whether watersaving basis points. Surface irrigation technology are constantly develop and constantly improve, so there are many more waterefficient than traditional surface irrigation technology. new furrow irrigation tools Traditional furrow irrigation with artificial opening from the distribution channel water into the furrow, it is neither accurate and inconvenient, and often cause the field of water loss due to water port leakage countries have already adopted the siphon (for open channel water ) or gate hole pipe (aqueduct) drainage, China has done a number of tests, proven to improve field water utilization rate of 5% to 10%. surge irrigation Modern foreign developed wave Chung (groove) border irrigation or intermittent ditch (furrow) irrigation, traffic control into the ditch (furrow) is intermittent water and then put a period of time (a few minutes or tens of minutes) to field stop the water for some time (a few minutes or tens of minutes), and so forth, so that you can make along the ditch (furrow) the length direction of the water distribution is more uniform. Fields of water utilization up to 80% to 90%. Film hole irrigation (also known as the film hole irrigation) Gully, made on the film of water flow in the membrane, crops grow hole to perate the land, so that irrigation efficiency is high, generally watersaving 25% to 35%, an increase of 15% to 20%, they do not specifically facilities. Irrigation Sprinkler to spray through the
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