外文翻譯：現(xiàn)代控制理論的發(fā)展-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 (5) Variable structure control systems. The neural work control of key features are: can describe any nonlinear system。t mean the controller is not set, it is the concept of knowledge and said the fuzziness, it pleted work is entirely sure. In 1974 the British engineer for the first time amdam the Fuzzy set theory for the boiler and steam machine control since, opened up a new field of Fuzzy control, especially for large delay and nonlinearity is hard to develop practical mathematical model of plex system, through the puter to realize Fuzzy control often can obtain very good results. The type of fuzzy control are: (1) Basic fuzzy controller, once the fuzzy control table was determined, control rule is fixed。 (4) Use of the existing nonlinear technical analysis of the closedloop system characteristics。 最近有人提出以 Hopfield 網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)一種多分辨率體視協(xié)同算法 ,該算法以逐級融合的方式自動完成由粗到細(xì) ,直至全分辨率的匹配和建立。 (3)預(yù)測控制系統(tǒng) 。非線性復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的模糊建模 ,模糊規(guī)則的建立和模糊推理算法的研究 。 1974年英國工程師 Fuzzy集合理論用于鍋爐和蒸氣機(jī)的控制以來 ,開辟了 Fuzzy 控制的新領(lǐng)域 ,特別是對于大時滯、非線性等難以建立精確數(shù)學(xué)模型的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng) ,通過計算機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊控制往 往能取得很好的結(jié)果。而魯棒控制在設(shè)計控制器時盡量利用不確定性信息來設(shè)計一個控制器 ,使得不確定參數(shù)出現(xiàn)時仍能滿足性能指標(biāo)要求。 (2)給出一種控制律以使被控系統(tǒng)達(dá)到期望的性能指標(biāo) 。古典理論中的 “相平面 ”法只適用于二階系統(tǒng) ,適用于含有一個非線性元件的高階系統(tǒng)的 “描述函數(shù) ”法也是一種近似方法。 (3)系統(tǒng)獲取的信息不僅是數(shù)學(xué)信息 ,更重要的是文字符號、圖像、圖形、聲音等各種信息。智能控制用于生產(chǎn)過程 ,讓計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)模仿專家或熟練操作人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn) ,建立起以知識為基礎(chǔ)的廣義模型 ,采用符號信息處理、啟發(fā)式程序設(shè)計、知識表示和自學(xué)習(xí)、推理與決策等智能化技術(shù) ,對外界環(huán)境和系統(tǒng)過程進(jìn)行理解 、判斷、預(yù)測和規(guī)劃 ,使被控對象按一定要求達(dá)到預(yù)定的目的。 (5)智能控制的實(shí)現(xiàn)問題。因此最近又有學(xué)者提出引入新的、更深刻的數(shù)學(xué)工具去開拓新的方向 ,例如 :微分動力學(xué)、微分拓?fù)渑c代數(shù)拓?fù)?、代?shù)幾何等。 (Robust Control) 過程控制中面臨的一個重要問題就是模型不確定性 ,魯棒控制主要解決模型的不確定性問題 ,但在處理方法上與自適應(yīng)控制有所不同。這種方法已被用于工程設(shè)計中 ,如 Hoo 最優(yōu)靈敏度控制 器設(shè)計。最 近有人提出神經(jīng) ——模糊 Inter3融合控制模型 ,即把融合結(jié)構(gòu)、融合算法及控制合為一體進(jìn)行設(shè)計。神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在控制系統(tǒng)中可充當(dāng)對象的模型 ,還可充當(dāng)控制器。對于復(fù)雜不確定性問題具有自適應(yīng)能力 。 (3) System getting information is not only the mathematical information, more important is to text symbols, images, graphics, sounds, etc, all kinds of information. Intelligent control is in the process of development, there still exist many problems of further researches: (1) Explore a new intelligent control theory。 (3) To be automatic correction controller parameters. So the adaptive control system is mainly used to process model unknown or process model structure known but unknown parameters and the random system. Adaptive control system of main type is used for the control system, the model reference adaptive control system, the optimal control system for, learn to control system, etc. Recently, nonlinear adaptive control system based on neural work adaptive control and get attention, and put forward some new methods. 4. Robust Control (Robust Control) Process control is an important issue facing is model uncertainty, robust control mainly to solve the model uncertainty problem, but in processing method and adaptive control different. Adaptive control of basic idea is to carry out the model parameter of identify, and then to design the controller. Controller parameters adjustment depends on the renewal of the model parameters, not in possibl
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