外文資料翻譯--太陽能光伏發(fā)電-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 結(jié) 論 光伏效率和制造成本還沒有達(dá)到可以取代傳統(tǒng)的煤，天然氣和核能為動(dòng)力的發(fā)電設(shè)施的程度。第二個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)是，可以提高電池的效率在高光濃度達(dá)到。雙和三結(jié)設(shè)計(jì)效率提高 810％。薄膜也是建筑一體化系統(tǒng)的需求，因?yàn)榘雽?dǎo)體薄膜可應(yīng)用于如玻璃，屋頂和墻板等建筑材料。一對(duì)細(xì)胞表面的金屬網(wǎng)格，而收集的 電子金屬背板收集正電。小型電池具有較低的內(nèi)阻和會(huì)比在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中使用的大型電池更高的效率。 額定功率 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的電壓被定為峰值千瓦 (kWp)。為了這一目標(biāo)，太陽能電池的發(fā)展最終導(dǎo)致其在其他應(yīng)用方面的應(yīng)用。格林利夫在 1998 年 10 月 19 號(hào)請(qǐng)求建議的結(jié)果。對(duì)光伏電池類型的討論包括單晶，多晶和薄膜材料。 指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語： 該同學(xué)的外文資料翻譯基本到位，專業(yè)詞語的翻譯比較準(zhǔn)確；文中以直譯為主兼帶意譯。該報(bào)告的目的是為讀者提供對(duì)光伏發(fā)電和光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)如何在實(shí)際中應(yīng)用的一般性理解。光伏發(fā)電可用于遠(yuǎn)程應(yīng)用，例如通信，家庭和發(fā)展中國家的村莊，抽水，露營(yíng)，劃船等，電力公司發(fā)電設(shè)施和住宅屋頂安裝的電網(wǎng)連接的應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)成了光伏使用較小但更迅速擴(kuò)大的部分。 光伏發(fā)電技術(shù) 科學(xué)家們已知的光伏效應(yīng)超過 150 年。如果沒有這種巨大的發(fā)展努力，光伏發(fā)電在今天將沒有多大用處。因此，一個(gè) 100 千瓦的太陽能光伏系統(tǒng)只能產(chǎn)生常規(guī)的 100 千瓦發(fā)電機(jī)日產(chǎn)量的一小部分。 轉(zhuǎn)換陽光為電力 一個(gè)典型的太陽能電池由半導(dǎo)體材料（通常是硅）有一個(gè) PN 結(jié)，如圖 1 所示。電場(chǎng)驅(qū)動(dòng)到 n 型層的正電荷，而在 P 型層收集自由電子。錫氧化物是用在地方的金屬網(wǎng)格，薄膜光伏板頂層。 多晶硅 多晶硅非晶硅提供了一個(gè)提高效率，同時(shí)仍然只用少量的材料。這些電池可以用散熱片冷卻或熱量可以用來加熱水。 ) 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] “The History of PV,” November 15, 1998. [2] Mark Hammonds, “Getting Power from the Sun, Solar Power,” Chemistry and Industry, no. 6, p. 219, March 16, 1998. [3] Energy Conversion: Development of solar cells Britannica Online. October 21, 1998. [4] Kenh Zweibel and Paul Hersch, Basic Photovoltaic Principles and Methods, New York: Van Nosstrand Reinhold Company, Inc., 1984. [5] “Volume 3: The World PV Market to 2020,” Photovoltaics in 2020, Luxembourge: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996. [6] “Taking Off of New Photovoltaic Energy Revolution,” Japan 21st, May 1996. 附件 2：外文原文 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION ABSTRACT This report is an overview of photovoltaic power generation. The purpose of the report is to provide the reader with a general understanding of photovoltaic power generation and how PV technology can be practically applied. There is a brief discussion of early research and a description of how photovoltaic cells convert sunlight to electricity. The report covers concentrating collectors, flatplate collectors, thinfilm technology, and buildingintegrated systems. The discussion of photovoltaic cell types includes singlecrystal, polycrystalline, and thinfilm materials. The report covers progress in improving cell efficiencies, reducing manufacturing cost, and finding economic applications of photovoltaic technology. Lists of major manufacturers and organizations are included, along with a discussion of market trends and projections. The conclusion is that photovoltaic power generation is still more costly than conventional systems in general. However, large variations in cost of conventional electrical power, and other factors, such as cost of distribution, create situations in which the use of PV power is economically sound. PV power is used in remote applications such as munications, homes and villages in developing countries, water pumping, camping, and boating. Gridconnected applications such as electric utility generating facilities and residential rooftop insta
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