【正文】 but id the doors or windows are opened or closed intermittently during the operating period, the final temperature inside the house will not be accurately regulated by the 第 頁(yè) 共 12 頁(yè) openloop control. ClosedLoop Control Systems What is missing in the openloop control system for more accurate and more adaptable control is a link or feedback from the output to the input of the system . In order to obtain more accurate bontrol, the controlled signal c(t) must be fed back and pared with the reference input , and an actuating signal proportional to the difference of the output and the input must be sent through the system to correct the error. A system with one or more feedback pat(s like that just described is called a closedloop system. human being are probably the most plex and sophisticated feedback control system in existence. A human being may be considered to be a control system with many inputs and outputs, capable of carrying out highly plex operations. To illustrate the human being as a feedback control system , let us consider that the objective is to reach for an object on aperform the task. The eyes serve as a sensing device which feeds back continuously the position of the hand . The distance between the hand and the object is the error , which is eventually brought to zero as the hand reacher the object. This is a typical example of closedloop control. However , if one is told to reach for the object and then is blindolded, one can only reach toward the object by estimating its exact position. It isAs anther illustrative example of a closedloop control system, shows the block diagram of the rudder control system ofThe basic alements and the bloca diagram of a closedloop control system are shown in fig. In general , the configuration of a feedback control system may not be constrained to that of fig amp。這是一個(gè)閉環(huán)控制的典型例子。 閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng) 閉環(huán)控制缺少更準(zhǔn)確和更適應(yīng)由輸出反饋提高系統(tǒng)的輸入。 有獨(dú)立的定時(shí)器，每個(gè)與它自己比較的寄存器，支持非對(duì)稱代（ noncentered）以及對(duì)稱（中心）的 PWM波形。非常高的采樣率也可用于盡量減少循環(huán)延遲。這些職能可能包括取消陷波器，可以在一個(gè)系統(tǒng)或一個(gè)機(jī)械共振技術(shù)，可消除系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的傳感器。 C24x DSP控制器提供的可靠性和可編程性。 該 TLS320family儀器由定點(diǎn)，浮點(diǎn)組成，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器的多處理器（ DSP）及 foxed點(diǎn) DSP控制器。定點(diǎn)設(shè)備操作一般在 16位，而浮點(diǎn)器件上 3240位浮點(diǎn)操作。正是在困難時(shí)，換句話說(shuō)，是模擬信號(hào)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)分析改變了現(xiàn)狀。這兩種技術(shù)為計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控（ CNC）的發(fā)打下了基礎(chǔ)。在直接數(shù)字控制中，幾臺(tái)機(jī) 第 頁(yè) 共 12 頁(yè) 床通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸線路聯(lián)接到一臺(tái)主計(jì)算機(jī)上。 關(guān)于可編程邏輯控制器（ PLC）和微型計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展使微處理器的發(fā)展。新的 APT語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展是重大的一步，推動(dòng)數(shù)控技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。通過(guò)變速齒輪，主軸可以在許多種轉(zhuǎn)速下旋轉(zhuǎn)。手動(dòng)控制機(jī)床有許多限制，或許沒(méi)有比操作者的技能更突出。用手動(dòng)控制，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量直接相關(guān)，并僅限于操作者的技能。大多數(shù)車床有 8~12 種轉(zhuǎn)速，主軸箱安裝在內(nèi)側(cè)導(dǎo)軌的固定位置上，一般在床身的左端。原來(lái)的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)廣泛使用穿孔紙，后來(lái)由磁性塑料帶代替。這兩項(xiàng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)字控制（ CNC）允許的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。操縱這些機(jī)床所需要的程序都存儲(chǔ)在這臺(tái)主計(jì)算機(jī)中。采用 CNC 技術(shù)后，每臺(tái)機(jī)床上都有一個(gè)可編程邏輯控制器或者微機(jī)對(duì)其進(jìn)行數(shù)字控制。 抽樣一個(gè)信號(hào)是專門為嵌入式信號(hào)處理的操作，這種處理器被稱為數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器，是數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器的代表。不用說(shuō)，定點(diǎn)設(shè)備一般比較便宜。 TMS320系列數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)時(shí)信號(hào)處理具體的架構(gòu)。模擬控制系統(tǒng)，一方面，是硬連線解決方案和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可能因老化性能降低，元 件容差和漂移。 在 C24xDSP控制器考慮讓德州儀器具備快速配置不同價(jià)格 /性能點(diǎn)或各種系列的成員進(jìn)行應(yīng)用優(yōu)化的外設(shè)功能設(shè)置的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 在 240C具有高速信號(hào)處理和數(shù)字控制功能所必需的建筑特色，以及它需要提供一個(gè)電機(jī)控制應(yīng)用的單芯片解決方案的外設(shè)。 開環(huán)和閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng) 開環(huán)控制 系統(tǒng) 這個(gè)詞意味著有一個(gè)復(fù)雜的控制系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)控制一定的數(shù)額。為了獲得更準(zhǔn)確的控制信號(hào)必須反饋，并參考輸入，以及一個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)成比例的輸出和輸入的差異，必須通過(guò)系統(tǒng)發(fā)送而修正錯(cuò)誤。然而，如果被告知要達(dá)到目標(biāo)，然后是看不到的，只能達(dá)到對(duì)對(duì)象估計(jì)其確切位置。 . In plex systems there may be multitude of feedback loops and element blocks. 第 頁(yè) 共 12 頁(yè) 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 評(píng) 語(yǔ) 外文翻譯成績(jī)： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字： 年 月 日 注： 1. 指導(dǎo)教師對(duì)譯文進(jìn)行評(píng)閱時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)方面：①翻譯的外文文獻(xiàn)與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的主題是否高度相關(guān)，并作為外文參考文獻(xiàn)列入畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的參考文獻(xiàn)；②翻譯的外文文獻(xiàn)字?jǐn)?shù)是否達(dá)到規(guī)定數(shù)量（ 3 000 字以上）；③譯文語(yǔ)言是否準(zhǔn)確、通順、具有參考價(jià)值。 Different DCA’ s provide different performance and quality , as measured by THD (Total harmonic distortion ), number of bits, linearity , speed, filter characteristics and other things. The TLS320family consists of fixedpoint, floatingpoint, multiprocessor digital signal processors (D[Ps) , and foxedpoint DSP controllers. TMS320 DSP have an architecture designed specifically for realtime signal processing . The’ F/C240 is a number of the’ C2020DSP platform , and is optimized for control applications. The’ C24x series of DSP controllers bines this realtime processing capability with controller peripherals to create an ideal solution for control system applications. The following characteristics make the TMS320 family the right choice for a wide range of processing applications: Very flexible instruction set Inherent operational flexibility Highspeed performance Innovative parallel architecture Cost effectiveness Devices within a generation of the TMS320 family have the same CPU 第 頁(yè) 共 12 頁(yè) structure but different onchip memory and peripheral configurations. Spinoff devic