機(jī)械制造加工外文翻譯----電火花線(xiàn)切割技術(shù)-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 模糊控制技術(shù)是人工智能技術(shù)中的一個(gè)重要方面，它能模仿熟練工人對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)行控制，已在電火花成形機(jī)上成功地應(yīng)用，在電火花線(xiàn)切割加工中具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。目前市場(chǎng)上高速走絲線(xiàn)切割機(jī)最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于擁有良好的性能價(jià)格比，機(jī)床的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展必須以此為基本出發(fā)點(diǎn)，不能過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)機(jī)床加工精度，而忽視機(jī)床性能價(jià)格比的因素。由于使用了新技術(shù)并注重計(jì)算機(jī)軟件技術(shù)的更新和發(fā)展，低速走絲線(xiàn)切割機(jī)的工藝指標(biāo)已達(dá)到了相當(dāng)高的水平。 （ 1） 平面形狀的金屬模加工 ： 沖模、粉末冶金模、拉拔模、擠壓模的加工 （ 2） 立體形狀的金屬模加工： 沖模用凹模的退刀槽加工、塑料用金屬壓模、塑料模 分離面加工 （ 3） 電火花成形加工：用電極制作形狀復(fù)雜的微細(xì)電極的加工、一般穿孔用電極的加工、帶錐度型模電極的加工 （ 4） 試制品及零件加工：試制零件的直接加工、批量小品種多的 零件加工、特殊材料的零件加工、材料試件的加工 （ 5） 輪廓量規(guī)的加工： 各種卡板量具的加工，凸輪及模板的加工，成形車(chē) 的成形加工 （ 6） 微細(xì)加工：化纖噴嘴加工、異形槽和窄槽加工、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)缺陷加工 3 電火花 線(xiàn)切割加工技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀 目前，電火花 線(xiàn)切割機(jī)的切割速度已由過(guò)去的 20～ 40 ㎜ 178。如在沖壓生產(chǎn)時(shí)，未開(kāi)出落料模時(shí)，先用線(xiàn)切割加工的樣板進(jìn)行成形等后續(xù)加工，得到驗(yàn)證后再制造落料模。 （ 6）采用乳化液或去離水的工作液，不必?fù)?dān)心發(fā)生火災(zāi)，可以晝夜無(wú)人連續(xù)加工。是我國(guó)獨(dú)創(chuàng)的，其原理是對(duì)工件作多次反復(fù)的切割，開(kāi)頭用較快絲筒速度、較強(qiáng)高頻來(lái)切割，就如現(xiàn)在的快走絲線(xiàn)切割，最后一刀用較慢絲筒速度、較弱高頻電流來(lái)修光，從而提高了加工光潔度；而且絲速減低后，導(dǎo)輪和軸承的抖動(dòng)少了，加工精度也提高了；另外，第一刀以最快的速度切割，后來(lái)的切割和修光的切割量都非常少，因此，一般三刀切割的時(shí)間加起來(lái)也比快走絲的一刀切割要快。歐美和日本發(fā)展了慢走系統(tǒng)(LS)。 下面著重介紹電火花線(xiàn)切割技術(shù)的加工原理及其應(yīng)用范圍和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。 機(jī)械制造技術(shù)是研究產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)、加工制造、銷(xiāo)售使用、維修服務(wù)乃 至回收再生的整個(gè)過(guò)程的工程學(xué)科 ,是以提高質(zhì)量、效益、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力為目標(biāo) ,包含物質(zhì)流、信息流和能量流的完整的系統(tǒng)工程。 another one is the digital process control, advanced digital automatic control technology, the drive machine according to the geometric shape of the workpiece before processing parameters based on preprogrammed processing of the NC machining program automatically, without making look like board and need not draw Enlargement, two forms of control than the previous higher precision and wide range of applications, more than 95% at home and abroad WEDM have adopted CNC. Direct Digital Control (DNC) EDM wire cutting system can improve the level of automation, the overall productivity and responsiveness. 2. WEDM Characteristics and Application The socalled EDM wire cutting, is to move forward to the filament (diameter of about or less) to make electrodes, the electrode wire and the spark discharge between the workpiece and simultaneously driven by the shape of the parts required for processing. characteristics: (1) it ~ metal wire to the electrode tool, do not need to create a specific shape of the electrode. (2) Although the process is mainly flat shape of the object, but in addition to the decision of the inside of the wire diameter foot minimum diameter R (radius + wire discharge gap) such restrictions, no restrictions, no plicated at the beginning of all can be processed. (3) contouring less than the required processing can be effective in saving precious materials. (4) loss of wire can be ignored (using lowloss highspeed cutting away Siqie pulse power。 and wirespeed reduction, the guide wheel and bearing less jitter, precision is also increased。 surface roughness can be achieved ~ (multiple cutting). High degree of automation of machine tools, processing stability, has been the development of unmanned machining. technology trends: WEDM due to loss of electrode wire, and precision mechanical parts of the structure, into the openloop control to the system, processing of changes in working fluid conductivity, temperature processing environment and its own processing characteristics (such as wire speed operation fast, more vibration source, guide wheel wear large) and other factors, machining accuracy is limited. The current status of the machine, to a relatively short time and lowspeed wire EDM to go to pete in the processing precision, the difficulty is quite large, and research and development costs will be high, the machine will significantly increase manufacturing costs From the perspective of reality and the market are not considered appropriate. Therefore, the development strategy WEDM weaknesses, to develop middle and low machinebased, so that the machine to the appropriate precision, good stability and easy processing direction, to meet growing production needs. Currently on the market highspeed wire cutting away the biggest advantage is to have a good cost performance, the machine must take this as further development of the basic starting point, not too much emphasis on precision machining, and overlook the factors that cost performance machine. In contravention of this principle, machine manufacturers and users are difficult to accept. In the short period of time, so that the processing performance of WEDM have greatly improved. WEDM to further development, we must get rid of SBC as a numerical control system, the use of new NC system. At present, there go the highspeed PCbased CNC wire cutting machine, but its main function is processing path programming, machine tool control is far from perfect, there is no full use of PC resources. In the use of new technologies, new processes must also attach importance to the law of WEDM process based on thorough and detailed theoretical and ex
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