【正文】 that is ,a righthand driver goes with a righthand driven. In the design of crossedhelical gears, the minimum sliding velocity is obtained when the helix angle are equal. However, when the helix angles are not equal, the gear with the larger helix angle should be used as the driver if both gears have the same hand. Worm gears are similar to crossed helical gears. The pinion or worm has a small number of teeth, usually one to four, and since they pletely wrap around the pitch cylinder they are called threads. Its mating gear is called a worm gear, which is not a true helical gear. A worm and worm gear are used to provide a high angularvelocity reduction between nonintersecting shafts which are usually at right angle. The worm gear is not a helical gear because its face is made concave to fit the curvature of the worm in order to provide line contact instead of point contact. However, a disadvantage of worm gearing is the high sliding velocities across the teeth, the same as with crossed helical gears. Worm gearing are either single or double enveloping. A singleenveloping gearing is one in which the gear wraps around or partially encloses the worm.. A gearing in which each element partially encloses the other is, of course, a doubleenveloping worm gearing. The important difference between the two is that area contact exists between the teeth of doubleenveloping gears while only line contact between those of singleenveloping gears. The worm and worm gear of a set have the same hand of helix as for crossed helical gears, but the helix angles are usually quite different. The helix angle on the worm is generally quite large, and that on the gear very small. Because of this, it is usual to specify the lead angle on the worm, which is the plement of the worm helix angle, and the helix angle on the gear。一人 — 機(jī)對話即以自動化方式確定夾具結(jié)構(gòu)造型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以有組織有規(guī)劃進(jìn)行夾具設(shè)計(jì)，減少所需的設(shè)計(jì)人員，縮短研究周期和能更好地配置工作條件。 根據(jù)它們?nèi)犴樞?，夾具可以分為：專用夾具、組合夾具、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)夾具、高柔性夾具。為著這些工作任務(wù)，美國俄亥俄州Elyria 的 Zaytran 公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)了一般性功能數(shù)據(jù)的非同步西 類柔順性夾具。盡管凹坑的出現(xiàn)對刀具的切削 7 性質(zhì)無實(shí)質(zhì)意義的影響，但凹坑常常逐漸變深，如果切 削在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的話，那么刀具就存在斷裂的危機(jī)。通常情況下，這磨損橫斷面是圓弧形的。 刀具磨損 從已經(jīng)被處理過的無數(shù)脆裂和刃口裂紋的刀具中 可知，刀具磨損基本上有三種形式：后刀面磨損，前刀面磨損和 V 型凹口磨損。因?yàn)槭聦?shí)已經(jīng)表明：切削溫度即使有小小的變化對刀具磨損率都將有實(shí)質(zhì)意義的影響作用。這導(dǎo)致了前刀面和切屑離切削刃很近的地方切削溫度較高。當(dāng)?shù)毒呋蚬ぜ魍鶑?fù)運(yùn)動時(shí)，進(jìn)給量是以每一行程走過的英寸數(shù)度量的。 基本的機(jī)械加工參數(shù) 切削中工件與刀具的基本關(guān)系是以以下四個(gè)要素來充分描述的：刀具的幾何形狀，切削速度，進(jìn)給速度，和吃刀深度。靠焊接來產(chǎn)生的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀，在很大程度上取決于有效的原材料的形式。借助激勵該線圈，磁液混合物的剪切強(qiáng)度可被精確的控制。 超越離合器或連軸器允許機(jī)器的被動構(gòu)件“空轉(zhuǎn)”或“超越”，因?yàn)橹鲃域?qū)動件停頓了或者因?yàn)榱硪粋€(gè)動力源使被動構(gòu)件增加了速度。有時(shí)使用許多齒或夾爪。然而溫升與能量損失有關(guān)，研究溫升可能與制動器或離合器的類型無關(guān)。 設(shè)計(jì)者去查找關(guān)于圓角尺寸、熱處理、表面光潔度和是否要進(jìn)行噴丸處理等資料，那真正的唯一的需要是實(shí)現(xiàn)所要求的壽命和可靠性。 當(dāng)軸的彎曲 或扭轉(zhuǎn)變形必需被限制于很小的范圍內(nèi)時(shí)，其尺寸應(yīng)根據(jù)變形來 3 確定，然后進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析。軸是一種轉(zhuǎn)動或靜止的桿件。這意味著軸的撓曲情況更加明 顯而使在輪齒接觸上具有更大的影響。著兩者之間的重要區(qū)別是，在雙包圍蝸輪組的輪齒間有面接觸，而在單包圍的蝸輪組的輪齒間有線接觸。小齒輪即蝸桿具有較小的齒數(shù)，通常是一到四齒， 2 由于它們完全纏繞在節(jié)圓柱上，因此它們被稱為螺紋齒。交錯(cuò)軸斜齒輪的齒彼此之間發(fā)生點(diǎn)接觸，它隨著齒輪的磨合而變成線接觸。在斜齒輪中，該先是跨過齒面的對角線。 斜齒輪用于傳遞平行軸之間的運(yùn)動 。齒輪和軸主要安裝在主軸箱來傳遞力的方向。因此，在斜齒輪的情況下，其齒向是不平行于回轉(zhuǎn)軸線的。 直齒圓柱齒輪輪齒的初始接觸處是跨過整個(gè)齒面而伸展開來的線。他們產(chǎn)生相反的軸向推力作用，這樣就消除了軸向推力。在交錯(cuò)軸斜齒設(shè)計(jì)中，當(dāng)該齒的斜角相等時(shí)所產(chǎn)生滑移速度最小。 蝸桿蝸輪機(jī)構(gòu)有單包圍和雙包圍機(jī)構(gòu)。輪齒可以鑄出，銑制或滾切加工。當(dāng)在汽車的各種不同用途中，有一個(gè)帶偏心軸的類似錐齒輪的機(jī)構(gòu)，那是常常所希望的。 “軸”這個(gè)詞包含著多種含義，例如心軸和主軸。 雖然來自 ，但它可能用來準(zhǔn)確預(yù)示實(shí)際失效。所傳遞的扭矩關(guān)系到作用力，摩擦系數(shù)和離合器或制動器的幾何狀況。 4 強(qiáng)制接觸離合器由一個(gè)變位桿和兩個(gè)夾爪組成。為著這些用途就需要超載釋放保護(hù)離合器。磁液離合器或制動器相對來說是一個(gè)新的發(fā)展，它們具有兩平行的磁極板。 機(jī)械加工在知道過程中具備兩方面。 5 另方面，許多零件靠較粗的生產(chǎn)加工工藝提高其一般表面形狀，而僅僅是在需要高精度的且選擇過的表面才進(jìn)行機(jī)械加工。 一般來說，工件材料越硬，速度越低。 切削參數(shù)的改變對切削溫度的影響 金屬切削操作中，熱是在主變形區(qū)和副變形區(qū)發(fā)生的。然而切削速度的增加，傳導(dǎo)到工件上的熱的數(shù)量減少而這又增加主變形區(qū)中的切屑溫升。當(dāng)要加工廣泛的工件材料時(shí)， Trent 已經(jīng)論述過測定高速鋼刀具的切削溫度及溫度分布的方法。 由于刀具表面上的應(yīng)力分布不均 勻，切屑和前刀面之間滑動接觸區(qū)應(yīng)力，在滑動接觸區(qū)的起始處最大，而在接觸區(qū)的尾部為零，這樣磨蝕性磨損在這個(gè)區(qū)域發(fā)生了。這是因?yàn)榫植啃?yīng)，這像未加工表面上的已硬化層，這效應(yīng)是由前面的切削引起的工件硬化造成的。 自動夾具設(shè)計(jì) 用做裝配設(shè)備的傳統(tǒng)同步夾具把零件移動到夾具中心上，以確保零件從傳送機(jī)上或從設(shè)備盤上取出后置于已定位置上。這種情形正迫使許多公司更多地致力于廣泛的合理化改革和前面提到過情況那樣裝配自動化。依據(jù)這樣的程序，夾具的輪廓結(jié)構(gòu)和裝合的規(guī)劃和記錄過程可以進(jìn)行自動化控制。t falter in traditional machine and modern machines. The wheel gear and shafts mainly install the direction that delivers the dint at the principal axis box. The passing to process to make them can is divided into many model numbers, using for many situations respectively. So we must be the multilayer to the understanding of the wheel gear and shaft in many ways. Key words: Wheel gear。 Depth of peration of a cutting tool to inches dollars is the tool to the work piece distance. Rotary cutting it to the chip or equal to the width of the linear cutting chip thickness. Rough than finishing, deeper peration of a cutting tool depth. Wears of Cutting Tool We already have been processed and the rattle of the countless cracks edge tool, we learn that tool wear are basically three forms : flank wear, the former flank wear and VNotch wear. Flank wear occurred in both the main blade occurred vice blade. On the main blade, shoulder removed because most metal chip mandate, which resulted in an increase cutting force and cutting temperature increase, If not allowed to check, That could lead to the work piece and the tool vibration and provide for efficient cutting conditions may no longer exist. Vicebladed on, it is determined work piece dimensions and surface finish. Flank wear size of the possible failure of the product and surface finish are also inferior. In most actual cutting conditions, as the principal in the former first deputy flank before flank wear, wear arrival enough, Tool will be effective, the results are made unqualified parts. As Tool stress on the surface uneven, chip and flank before sliding contact zone between stress, in sliding contact the start of the largest, and in contact with the tail of zero, so abrasive wear in the region occurred. This is because the card cutting edge than the nearby settlements near the more serious wear, and bladed chip due to the vicinity of the former flank and lost contact wear lighter. This results from a certain distance from the cutting edge of the surface formed before the knife point Ma pit, 16 wh