【正文】 （ 2）雨流循環(huán)計(jì)數(shù)技術(shù)的計(jì)算負(fù)荷周期為一期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)運(yùn)作。該法所得的平均數(shù)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差分別見表 5 。變異系數(shù)為 ，和相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為 1s?? = .觀察的基本組成部分 2是一個(gè) I形穿孔，由孔附加導(dǎo)軌，以頂端法蘭。在另一方面， 泊松分布可以很好地近似正態(tài)分布平均 k? 。 [ 2 ]是采取優(yōu)勢，以前面提到的疲勞的強(qiáng)度回線分析，為三個(gè)最弱的要素：（ 1）底部角度的協(xié)調(diào)（表 11），（ 2）橫梁頂端的協(xié)調(diào)（表 17），（ 3）角度的支持（表 8）。 通過起重機(jī)的工作和壓力示波圖的獲得，在測試點(diǎn)進(jìn)行應(yīng)變測量，在圖 6 和第 5 中排列顯示，自一臺起重機(jī)的常見工作周期的時(shí)間由足夠的散射和平均值約為 15 分鐘，常見的運(yùn)行周期的時(shí)間起重機(jī)有足夠的散射與平均價(jià)值 ） |機(jī)械故障分析 6（ 1999） 131141 時(shí)間（ 分鐘）裝貨過程變化值 民，以減少這些示意圖均勻過濾所產(chǎn)生的這些信號，和所有 反復(fù)的形成的值，也就是說，當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)是不受到動態(tài)加載，只有靜態(tài)加載發(fā)生時(shí)，將會被拒絕。梁的最大壓力增長倒最大值 12 S并且平均振蕩為 ％ 。載重量應(yīng)始終保持平衡。在隔板和角度 1 的支板上，最大的拉應(yīng)力達(dá)到 45 兆帕斯卡（壓力表 1 ）。靜態(tài)應(yīng)力值分布在圖 4和 5中 。實(shí)踐中，總轉(zhuǎn)移貨物的總 噸數(shù)，基本上是大于機(jī)組負(fù)荷，由于利用漸近性質(zhì)的重建過程所以式有益的。參照這個(gè)調(diào)查結(jié)果，以操作時(shí)間為一個(gè)周期，作為范本，由正常變量與平均值 等，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為 。這是解釋復(fù)雜的各種系統(tǒng)和隨機(jī)效應(yīng)，對搬運(yùn)施加的影響：天氣條件，道路條件和貨車車隊(duì)等，所有木材被運(yùn)送到存儲倉庫的木材，在一年內(nèi)應(yīng)該被處理。原木不同的倉庫 。 為了分析，在葉卡特琳堡地區(qū)的林場碼頭選中了一臺被安裝在葉卡特琳 堡地區(qū)的林場碼頭的龍門式起重機(jī) LT62B， 這臺起重機(jī)能夠供應(yīng)兩個(gè)伐木廠建立存儲倉庫，并且能轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)木頭到鐵路的火車上，這條鐵路通過存儲倉庫。保留所有權(quán)利。 the maximum stresses reach h0 MPa (gauges 8 and 9). The largest tension stresses in the diaphragms and angles of the exterior panel reach 45 MPa (causes 1 and hl. The elements of the crane bridge are subjected, in genera maximum stresses and respond weakly to skew loads. The suhand, are subjected mainly to skew , to vertical loads pports of the crane gmmg rise to on the other The loading of the metalwork of such a crane, transferring fulllength logs, differs from that of a crane used for general purposes. At first, it involves the load pliance of log packs because of progressive detachment from the base. Therefore, the loading increases rather slowly and second characteristic property is the low probability of hoisting with picking up. This is conditioned by the presence of the grab, which means that the fall of the rope from the spreader block is not permitted。 英文文章： Fatigue life prediction of the metalwork of a travelling gantry crane . Kopnov Abstract Intrinsic fatigue curves are applied to a fatigue life prediction problem of the metalwork of a traveling gantry crane. A crane, used in the forest industry, was studied in working conditions at a log yard, an strain measurements were made. For the calculations of the number of loading cycles, the rain flow cycle counting technique is used. The operations of a sample of such cranes were observed for a year for the average number of operation cycles to be obtained. The fatigue failure analysis has shown that failures some elements are systematic in nature and cannot be explained by random 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Key words: Cranes。the store of logs varies。 the load should always be balanced. The possibility of slack being sufficient to accelerate an electric drive to nominal revolutions is therefore minimal. Thus, the forest traveling gantry cranes are subjected to smaller dynamic stresses than in analogous cranes for general purposes with the same hoisting speed. Usually, when acceleration is smooth, the detachment of a load from the base occurs in s after switching on an electric drive. Significant oscillations of the metalwork are not observed in this case, and stresses smoothly reach maximum values. When a high acceleration with the greatest possible clearance in the joint between spreader andgrab takes place, the tension of the ropes happens 1 s after switching the electric drive on, the clearance in the joint taking up. The revolutions of the electric motors reach the nominal value in O.} s. The detachment of a load from the base, from the moment of switching electric motors on to the moment of full pull in the ropes takes s, the tensions in ropes increasing smoothly to maximum. The stresses in the metalwork of the bridge and supports grow up to maximum values in 12 s and oscillate about an average within %. When a rigid load is lifted, the accelerated velocity of loading in the rope hanger and metalwork is practically the same as in case of fast hoisting of a log pack. The metalwork oscillations are character ized by two harmonic processes with periods and 2 s, which have been obtained from spectral analysis. The worst case of loading ensues from summation of loading amplitudes so that the maximum excess of dynamic loading above static can be 1314%.Braking a load, when it is lowered, induces significant oscillation of stress in the metalwork, which can be }r7% of static loading. Moving over rail joints of 3} mm height misalignment induces only insignificant stresses. In operation, there are possible cases w hen loads originating from various types of loading bine. The greatest load is the case when the maximum loads from braking of a load when lowering coincide with braking of the trolley with poorly adjusted brakes. 4. Fatigue loading analysis Strain measurement at test points, disposed as shown in Figs 4 and 5, was carried out during the work of the crane and a representative number of stress oscillograms was obtained. Since a mon operation cycle duration of the crane has a sufficient scatter with average value } , to reduce these oscillograms uniformly a filtration was implemented to th