【正文】
這是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代采礦測(cè)量新方法,并且值得推廣應(yīng)用。因此, PDA是一種移動(dòng) GIS的理想平臺(tái)。建立在網(wǎng)絡(luò)化上的礦山地理信息系統(tǒng)將在國(guó)內(nèi)外的采礦生產(chǎn)和研究中發(fā)揮更重要的作用。我們可以利用高新技術(shù)、儀器和方法綜合地、系統(tǒng)地、全面地、動(dòng)態(tài)地開(kāi)采地表和地下的自然資源。 一體化的 TPS全站儀和 GPS 作為融合了 TPS 全站儀和 GPS 的全新工具,智能站 超級(jí)全站儀經(jīng)緯儀是可行的。它在煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)中發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。 3 信息整合技術(shù)在采礦測(cè)量中的應(yīng)用 一體化的“ 3S”技術(shù) 在傳統(tǒng)的煤礦管理模式下,監(jiān)測(cè)煤礦的發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)和開(kāi)采所帶來(lái)的煤礦環(huán)境問(wèn)題的方法就是不斷的檢查。同時(shí),遙感也可以用于勘探,地質(zhì)條件的研究和采區(qū)頂?shù)装宓难芯康鹊取? 除了這些常用的測(cè)量?jī)x 器外,由于礦山測(cè)量環(huán)境的特殊性,一定的特殊設(shè)備也將用于礦山的測(cè)量中,比如一些防爆的設(shè)備,尤其在空間方面的測(cè)量和地下礦山測(cè)量中。本文總結(jié)了新技術(shù)在礦山測(cè)量中的應(yīng)用,討論了礦山測(cè)量中存在的問(wèn)題,并為現(xiàn)代的礦山測(cè)量提供新的方法。但是,在中國(guó)還有很多煤礦的條件是極其復(fù)雜的,所以在應(yīng)用新的測(cè)量技術(shù)進(jìn)也出現(xiàn)了很多的問(wèn)題。 simple operation??茖W(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步是解決這一問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在。全站儀已經(jīng)廣泛的應(yīng)用于礦山的測(cè)量,它明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于同時(shí)擁有如下的功能:經(jīng)緯儀和測(cè)距儀 。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)繪制地圖的方法,遙感技術(shù)顯示出出色的效率、較低的成本和較高的精度,它已經(jīng)被證實(shí)是一種不錯(cuò)的方法。與其他常規(guī)科學(xué)技術(shù)方法相配合, GPS 和 RS用于礦區(qū)的地質(zhì)測(cè)量、地質(zhì)測(cè)繪和勘探表現(xiàn)出較好的效果和較高的效益。這使它初步用于礦山的測(cè)量中。其次,由于雷達(dá)的影響范圍角度的影響, InSAR 對(duì)于地球表面的高程資料是十分靈敏的。 GIS和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的融合為煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)提供了很好的保證。而且它有更好的編輯地圖能力,自動(dòng)連接空間數(shù)據(jù)和屬性數(shù)據(jù)、突出的開(kāi)采礦山、合理利用資源、分析和評(píng)估環(huán)境、決定區(qū)域規(guī)劃和環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展等等。與次同時(shí), PDA 嵌入了 windows CE 操作系統(tǒng),它可以用來(lái)和外部計(jì)算機(jī)及相關(guān)設(shè)備(如 GPS、全站儀等)進(jìn)行交流。 ( 2)集成了移動(dòng)通信技術(shù),這使得它與操作員之間的信息交換更加方便。 。 在采礦測(cè)量中使用 PDA 最明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)為: ( 1)它體積小,重量輕,特別易于攜帶。利用 PDA 我們可以管理個(gè)人信息,瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(yè),接收和發(fā)送電子郵件、傳真,甚至還可以把它當(dāng)作一部手機(jī)。 MGIS 已經(jīng)成為礦山測(cè)量發(fā)展的主要方向和必然趨勢(shì)。在基線不超過(guò) 50公里的情況下,它可以在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)把位置準(zhǔn)確到厘米級(jí)的精度上。這種較低的點(diǎn)密度不能滿足監(jiān)測(cè)地表變形的高空間分辨率的要求。 ISS 和 GPS 技術(shù)的融合 現(xiàn)在, ISS 技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)為大地測(cè)量、工程測(cè)量和礦山測(cè)量提供了新的手段。例如,要建立、監(jiān)測(cè)和修復(fù)礦區(qū)的測(cè)量控制網(wǎng),監(jiān)測(cè)建筑物和采空區(qū)的沉陷,監(jiān)測(cè)露天開(kāi)采邊坡的穩(wěn)定性等。 在過(guò)去很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)遙感技術(shù)在礦山 測(cè)量中已經(jīng)應(yīng)用,并且積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在現(xiàn)階段智能化全站儀是銷售量最大的測(cè)量?jī)x器,而且也是未來(lái)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。 關(guān)鍵詞 現(xiàn)代測(cè)量技術(shù),礦山測(cè)量,信息融合,可持續(xù)發(fā)展 導(dǎo)言 作為社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的物 質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),礦產(chǎn)資源為經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步作出了突出的貢獻(xiàn),但是也帶來(lái)諸多的問(wèn)題。中文 3730字 英文原文 The application of modern surveying technology in mining Abstract With the unceasing appearance and widespread application of new surveying technology, the present age mining survey has meet huge change. However, lots of problems occurred while using the new techniques since the number of mine is large in China and condition of the mine district in plex, it in some sense influenced the mine exploitation and management of China. Summarized the present situation of new technical application in mining survey, including the advanced instrumentation equipment,the”3S”technology,the information and the work technology and the information fusion technology and so on, and analyzed the problems which exists in the current mining survey, it also provided new ways to present age mining survey from the sustainable development angle. Keywords modern surveying technology, mining survey, information fusion, sustainable development Introduction As the important material elements for the development of society and economy, mineral resources have made outstanding to the economic development and social progress, and bring many problems as well. Especially in developing countries, the mine enterprise management is extensive, the technical equipment is backward and the labor productivity is low, major and extraordinarily serious accidents happen sometimes, resource and environment safety state deteriorated in mining district. Science and technology advancement is the key to resolve this phenomenon. At present, with the continuous appearance of modern surveying and mapping technology, particularly the widespread application of “3S” technology, the present age mining survey has changed essentially. The rapid development of information and work offers the wide space for the application of these new technologies. This article summarized the present situation of new technical application in mining survey, discussed the problem that exists in it and provides new ways to present age mining survey. 1 The application of modern surveying instrument Nowadays, the development of mine surveying instrument and its application mainly displays in the following aspects: the wide use of geodimeter and electronic tacheometer (. total station) . As the most widely used surveying instrument at present, total station is a kind of photoelectric m