【正文】 金的話，“做正確的事情的時(shí)機(jī)總是成熟的。
　　This is the defining moral issue of our time. We cannot let over a billion people suffer in extreme poverty when we have the tools and the resources to change their lives for the better. We cannot allow the bottom 40 percent of the population be denied opportunities for jobs, health, and education. We can do better. We have to do better, for Nico, for four year olds all over the world and for all future generations. For some problems like climate change, time is of the essence, but to quote Martin Luther King again, the time is always ripe to do right. Now’s the time and we are the people. Let’s make it happen.
　　這是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代最重大的道德問(wèn)題。推動(dòng)這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)向前發(fā)展。政界領(lǐng)袖、包括美國(guó)總統(tǒng)和英國(guó)首相戴維我們正在開(kāi)展工作，幫助至少10個(gè)國(guó)家在未來(lái)三年完成可再生能源資源地圖繪制。我們需要制定一項(xiàng)協(xié)調(diào)的雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃，聯(lián)合政府、私營(yíng)部門、民間團(tuán)體和個(gè)人共同作出回應(yīng)。我們的私營(yíng)部門機(jī)構(gòu)IFC也承諾在未來(lái)三年將其對(duì)脆弱國(guó)家的支持提高50%。我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了一名婦女手持的標(biāo)語(yǔ)牌上寫著：停止奸。最近的一個(gè)例子是我們?cè)谥袊?guó)啟動(dòng)了管理聯(lián)合貸款組合計(jì)劃。在短短幾年中，阿里巴巴扶持了中國(guó)600多萬(wàn)個(gè)中小企業(yè)的創(chuàng)業(yè)和成長(zhǎng)。
　　A critical pathway out of poverty for the poor is through providing an open and transparent connection to local and global markets. This access can unlock entrepreneurial potential for millions.
　　幫助窮人擺脫貧困的一條重要途徑是以公開(kāi)透明的方式將他們與本地市場(chǎng)和全球市場(chǎng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。新戰(zhàn)略有三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容值得強(qiáng)調(diào)。
　　We will take risks –smart risks. And by that, I mean we will invest in projects that can help transform the development of a country or a region – even if it means we might fail.
　　我們將勇于冒險(xiǎn)——聰明地冒險(xiǎn)。我們也知道，要想取得成功，我們必須具有選擇性——首先要選擇我們的優(yōu)先重點(diǎn)，然后是放棄那些非優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域的活動(dòng)。
　　Why is this important? Bureaucracies sometimes operate in ways that keep people away from each other. They tend to create selfenclosed areas of influence. These areas bee wellguarded bunkers, or silos. I know something about silos. I grew up in Iowa, and we had lots of them. Those silos of corn stood starkly alone, especially during those long cold winters. Silos perform a critical function in the cornfields of Iowa but they have no place at the World Bank Group.
　　為什么這一點(diǎn)很重要?官僚機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)作方式有時(shí)讓人們相互隔離。金博士曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，我們的目標(biāo)必須“從一頁(yè)薄紙變?yōu)槟_踏實(shí)地的行動(dòng)”。
　　We are making progress, but nothing is assured in this battle, and it will get much tougher the closer we get to the goal. Global growth could be slower than historic trends. Disasters driven by a changing climate could reverse years of development success. Investors could bee even more skittish. Longterm financing for much needed infrastructure – already scarce – could dry up.
　　我們正在取得進(jìn)步，但在這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)中沒(méi)有什么是確定無(wú)疑的，而且我們?cè)绞墙咏繕?biāo)，困難也會(huì)越大。我們需要直接監(jiān)測(cè)底層40%的收入增長(zhǎng)。阿拉伯之春期間的抗議活動(dòng)，以及最近在土耳其、巴西和南非發(fā)生的抗議活動(dòng)，都植根于一種躋身全球中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的普遍愿望。各援助方承諾為黎巴嫩提供一些資金，但我們還需要做得更多，否則黎巴嫩可能會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的災(zāi)難。第二是改革經(jīng)濟(jì)以滿足上街抗議的人民的期望。2020年當(dāng)100萬(wàn)人涌入開(kāi)羅的解放廣場(chǎng)抗議政府的時(shí)候，抗議者的孩子們也在他們自己的教室舉行抗議活動(dòng)。世界銀行集團(tuán)乃至國(guó)際社會(huì)需要在這些脆弱國(guó)家直面復(fù)雜的制度和社會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)，原因是無(wú)所事事的代價(jià)高昂，而設(shè)計(jì)周密的干預(yù)措施則收效巨大。敘利亞境內(nèi)戰(zhàn)亂還在繼續(xù)，對(duì)生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的破壞日甚一日。納普校長(zhǎng)、布朗院長(zhǎng)、尊敬的各位老師、同學(xué)們、各位來(lái)賓：
　　Thank you for hosting me here today. It is a privilege to be with you to talk about the challenges before us in the world – and how the World Bank Group is working to bee as effective as possible in improving the lives of the poor and vulnerable.
　　感謝各位今天的接待。我很榮幸來(lái)到這里，談一談我們?cè)谑澜缟厦媾R的挑戰(zhàn)，以及世界銀行集團(tuán)如何竭盡全力有效地改善貧困和弱勢(shì)人群的生活。
　　We should not avert our gaze from the Middle East. The World Bank Group has been playing several roles. At times, we are in the backrooms with diplomats and at others we are on the frontlines with humanitarian aid workers. Always, we are working with governments, or panies, or civil society groups to help build strong and sustainable foundations for development. This supports the livelihoods of millions of people in the Middle East, and billions more around the world, who aspire to good jobs, a good education, and access to quality health care.
　　我們不應(yīng)對(duì)中東局勢(shì)視而不見(jiàn)。當(dāng)我們有機(jī)會(huì)在脆弱國(guó)家進(jìn)行制度、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和能力建設(shè)時(shí)，或者當(dāng)我們能夠達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議引進(jìn)急需的私營(yíng)部門投資時(shí)，我們必須抓住機(jī)遇。他們要求改進(jìn)教學(xué)。第三是管理好向新憲法和更公開(kāi)的、有爭(zhēng)議的、多黨制的選舉過(guò)渡。
　　Our two goals
　　我們的兩大目標(biāo)
　　Just six months ago, our board endorsed the two goals of the World Bank Group: the first is to end extreme poverty by 2030。
　　Today, leaders around the world realize that boosting shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent is being more and more critical to ensure stability. It used to be that much of this discontent boiled under the surface. But social media has created an enormous “virtual middle class,” as Thomas Friedman has called it, who will continue to knock on, and then break down, the door of opportunity.
　　今天，世界各國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都意識(shí)到，促進(jìn)底層40%的人口共享繁榮對(duì)于確保穩(wěn)定變得日益重要。經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步還需要在環(huán)境上和財(cái)政上具有可持續(xù)性，延續(xù)到子孫后代。全球增長(zhǎng)速度可能會(huì)低于歷史趨勢(shì)。我們將如何將計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)化為終結(jié)貧困的有效行動(dòng)呢?
　　A World Bank Group strategy
　　世界銀行集團(tuán)的戰(zhàn)略
　　Our answer is that for the first time, we have a strategy that will bring together the entire World Bank Group – the Bank, which works with governments。他們往往創(chuàng)造自我封閉的勢(shì)力范圍。
　　What will we stop doing? We won’t continue working in areas in which others are better. We won’t enter projects for the sole purpose of meeting volume targets for the year. We won’t take on projects just to plant our flag on the ground. And we won’t tolerate behavior that promotes individual interests over the mon good.
　　我們將要停止做哪些事呢?我們將不會(huì)繼續(xù)從事那些別人更擅長(zhǎng)的領(lǐng)域。我的意思是，我們將投資于那些可能有助于改變一個(gè)國(guó)家或者一個(gè)地區(qū)的發(fā)展的項(xiàng)目——即使我們有可能失敗。
　　First, we will partner with the private sector to use their expertise and capital to fight poverty. This is particularly important to create good jobs for the poor.
　　首先，我們將與私營(yíng)部門聯(lián)手，利用他們的專業(yè)知識(shí)和資金來(lái)抗擊貧困。這種對(duì)市場(chǎng)的參與可以釋放億萬(wàn)民眾的創(chuàng)業(yè)潛力。
　　That is an example of a transformational business model. But there are many environments that Alibaba and other panies stay away from. We at the World Bank Group serve as a trusted advisor to the private sector, and that often means we will be the first to venture into a risky environment in order to make others feel more fortable to invest. We know that there are several trillion dollars managed by sovereign weal