【正文】 itectures to grow in plexity. The dynamic nature of anizational structures, advances in IT technology, the continuous upgrading of hardware and software ponents, and the increasing demand for service quality potentially make the administration of an anization’s IT infrastructure very expensive and time consuming. The System Administration service management function (SMF) defines and delivers the processes and procedures required to administer a puting environment on a daytoday basis. Consequently, the System Administration SMF resides in the Operating Quadrant of Microsoft Operations Framework (MOF). 2 Introduction This guide provides detailed information about the System Administration service management function (SMF) for anizations that have deployed, or are considering deploying, Microsoft174。 they were isolated from any interruption in the WAN link connected to the rest of the messaging work. In the event of a WAN link failure, users could continue to use messaging services and municate with other users at the local site until the link was restored. On the downside (and there is always a tradeoff), the cost of deployment for the distributed environment was greater. As mentioned previously, distributed models require remote data centers along with the human resources to manage them. If an application (like corporate messaging) was considered mission critical and had specific service level agreements, as well as high availability and fault tolerance requirements, the cost of implementing the appropriate data center infrastructure could be substantial. In addition to the data center costs, the human resource costs could also be significant. In a distributed environment, it is crucial that the remote data center be staffed with operational and administrative resources that are highly trained and prepared for the duties associated with running this technology center. Given the shortings of this model, there is a way to help offset (but not totally avoid) the overall costs associated with running a distributed environment. The strong, new securityintegrated directory technologies make it possible to delegate administrative tasks and responsibilities to staff located at the remote sites and locations. This means you may not have to colocate highlevel administrative talent to the sites to perform the operational tasks. Your human resources must still be trained and capable, but to a much lesser extent than if you are running the remote technology center as an autonomous data center site. In the discussion of storeandforward messaging applications above, it should be noted that most of these distributed messaging solutions had specific ponents that continued to be managed centrally (that is, the rolledup messaging user directory, the mailrouting tables, the master or “bridgehead” post office servers, and the central message routing servers). Specific tasks related to the operation and maintenance of the distributed post offices was typically delegated to administrators located at the remote sites. Of course, the data center itself in the distributed model must still conform to the standards set to meet your anization’s missioncritical requirements. The difference is that there is a cost savings associated with being able to delegate specific administrative tasks from the central data center. This approach is discussed in further detail in the next section. Distributed Administration of Centralized Data Centers The fifth system administration possibility, referred to here as the “followthesun” model, could also be called the “distributed administration/centralized data center” model. “Following the sun” in this context means providing support globally seven days a week, twentyfour hours a day by transferring the responsibility for this support to different regions around the world as some offices close for the day and others open. This model is somewhat unique, and not as widely implemented as the four basic models previously described. It should be noted, however, that panies have tried, or are currently trying, to get this model to work in their anizations. 16 System A dministration Figure 7 illustrates the transfer of support responsibility in the “followthesun” time model. As the diagram shows, support (administrative and operational) is transferred to the data center operating during the primary daylight shift. For this example, we show an anization with plete data centers located in North America, Europe, and Asia. N o r thA m e r i c a nD a ta C e n te rEu r o p e a nD a ta C e n te rA s i a / Pa c i fi c R i mD a ta C e n te r1am9am5 p m1am9am5 p m9am5 p m1am9am5 p m1am1am9am9am5 p m5 p m1am Figure 7. Support responsibility in the “followthesun” model Following the Sun with Your Administrative Support Organization Organizations that are globally positioned (typically very large anizations) with plete data centers located both domestically and internationally (that is, having data centers in North America, Europe, and Asia as shown in Figure 7), can take advantage of the capabilities of these sophisticated resources to service users and sites located in other parts of the world during offhours. With more and more anizations embracing global virtual workgroups, and with more businesses operating twentyfour hours per day, IT support anizations must provide the same high quality, responsive, proactive, and efficient support during off hours as they do during the prime daylight hours. The question is, do these roundtheclock anizations operate their local data center’s support anizations at full capacity during off hours, or do they attempt to leverage the support center that’s currently open for daytime business? Considering the cost of maintaining a ful