【正文】 和回憶，認為異響肯定是上次維修過程中，在某個部位上裝配不當(dāng)而造成的。排氣凸輪軸上的齒輪稱之為剪式齒輪，它主要包括從動齒輪和副齒輪，中間有 1個彈簧．其作用是保證副齒輪與從動齒輪同步并緊密配合，以在發(fā)動機不向轉(zhuǎn)速時控制凸輪的間隙，減少進氣凸輪軸主動齒輪勺排氣凸輪軸從功齒輪之間的噪音。 排氣凸輪軸的裝配，按拆卸時的相反順序操作，必須注意的是：在安裝兩齒輪后，順 時針轉(zhuǎn)動副齒輪 (轉(zhuǎn)動 3個齒 )，在同從動齒輪上的維修螺栓對齊后，用一只 M6螺栓將其擰入，再將排氣凸輪軸安裝在汽缸蓋上，安裝完畢后，取下螺栓。否則，雖然兩齒輪能夠重合，但彈簧的兩端沒有同兩齒輪上的穩(wěn)釘固定在一起，會造成彈簧與兩齒輪的穩(wěn)釘存在游離狀態(tài)。 福特嘉年華發(fā)動機異響故障實例 故障現(xiàn)象 A：福特嘉年華停車試驗，發(fā)動機有異響，加速時響聲更明顯。 故障現(xiàn)象 B：福特嘉年華前部冷車時有輕微的異響 ，熱車后消失。分析原因：水泵軸承缺潤滑 30 脂，加上水封有輕微滲漏，停車時間一長，軸承滾子產(chǎn)生銹蝕。因此必須及時判斷，采取必要的維修措施排除故障。還可在相 繼松掉發(fā)動機前端的傳動帶，停止空氣壓縮機、水泵、發(fā)電機、動力轉(zhuǎn)向液力泵、風(fēng)扇、空調(diào)壓縮機等附件時發(fā)動機運轉(zhuǎn)狀況來判斷，若異響消失，則為該附件產(chǎn)生異響所致。 發(fā)動機發(fā)生異響主要與配氣機構(gòu)、曲柄連桿機構(gòu)有關(guān)，因工況、負荷等因素其主要的部件會發(fā) 生異響，只要掌握了這兩點，種種異響故障就不難診斷、排除！ 32 總 結(jié) 本文主要從 結(jié)構(gòu)組成、工作原理和故障檢測與維修三個方面，并采用圖文結(jié)合的方法介紹了福特嘉年華發(fā)動機構(gòu)造、工作原理，發(fā)動機異響常見故障及種類，結(jié)合實例總結(jié)排除異響故障的方法。同時，我也掌握了很多有關(guān)汽車發(fā)動機方面的知識，讓我對所學(xué)過的知識有所鞏固和提高。一次次的篩選、一次次的更改、一次次的琢磨，我由衷的感謝！ 同時，在制作論文的過程中，我也得到了同學(xué)們的支持，有他們的關(guān)心和寶貴的建議，我更從容的面對這次論文，從中體會到了快樂！人人都說“眾人拾柴火焰高”我看有這個味道！還有就是我的輔導(dǎo)老師趙向陽趙老師，是他的指導(dǎo)和參謀讓我更坦然的去處理材料的收集、篩選，也讓我懂得了做事的道理：細心、耐心、堅持不懈、不放棄 ?? 單亞磊 20210510 寫作人：單亞磊 34 日 期： 20210510 參考文獻 [1] 劉賢忠 .發(fā)動機異響的診斷方法 [J].汽車維修， 2021(5):1213. [2] 陳學(xué)軍 .運用排除法判斷發(fā)動機異響故障 [J].汽車維修 ,1004(7):39. [3]張西振 .發(fā)動機構(gòu)造與維修 [M].北京：北京機械工業(yè)出版社， . [4] 宋偉平 . 發(fā)動機異響的診斷與排除方法 [J].實用汽車技術(shù)合刊 ,2021(5):3233 [5]劉新平 .汽車電子控制技術(shù) [M].北京：北京科學(xué)出版社， 2021. [6]周良 .汽車故障診斷與維修技術(shù) [M].北京： 北京高等教育出版社 ,. [7]趙英勛 .汽車檢測與診斷技術(shù) .北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， 2021. [8]劉仲國 .現(xiàn)在汽車檢測與維修 .北京：機械工業(yè)出版社， 2021. [9]仇雅莉 .汽車檢測診斷 技術(shù)與設(shè)備 [M].北京：電子工業(yè)出版社 . [10]趙福堂 .現(xiàn)代汽車檢測診斷與維修 [M].北京：北京理工大學(xué)出版社， 2021. [11]徐元強 .汽車發(fā)動機檢測診斷技術(shù) [M].北京：電子工業(yè)出版社， 2021. [12]曹建國 .汽車故障診斷與檢測技術(shù) [M].重慶：重慶大學(xué)出版社， 2021. 35 附錄：外文翻譯 In Wang Zuoliang?s translation practices, he translated many poems, especially the poems written by Robert Burns. His translation of Burn?s “A Red, Red Rose” brought him fame as a verse translator. At the same time, he published about ten papers on the translation of poems. Some argue that poems cannot be translated. Frost stresses that poetry might get lost in translation. According to Wang, verse translation is possible and necessary, for “The poettranslator brings over some exciting work from another culture and in doing so is also writing his own best work, thereby adding something to his culture. In this transmission and exchange, a richer, more colorful world emerges. ”(Wang, 1991:112). Then how can we translate poems? According to Wang?s understanding, the translation of poems is related to three aspects: A poem?s meaning, poetic art and language. （ 1） A poem?s meaning “Sociocultural differences are formidable enough, but the matter is made much more plex when one realizes that meaning does not consist in the meaning of words only, but also in syntactical structures, speech rhythms, levels of style.” (Wang, 1991:93). （ 2） Poetic art According to Wang, “Bly?s point about the ?marvelous translation? being made possible in the United States only after Whitman, Pound and Williams Carlos Williams posed poetry in speech rhythms shows what may be gained when there is a genuine revolution in poetic art.” (Wang, 1991:93). （ 3） Language “Sometimes language stays static and sometimes language stays active. When language is active, it is beneficial to translation” “This would require this kind of intimate understanding, on the part of the translator, of its genius, its idiosyncrasies, its past and present, what it can do and what it choose not to do.” (Wang, 1991:94). Wang expresses the difficulties of verse translation. Frost?s ment is sufficient to prove the difficulty a translator has to grapple with. Maybe among literary translations, the translation of poems is the most difficult thing. Poems are the crystallization of wisdom. The difficulties of poetic prehension lie not only in lines, but also in structure, such as cadence, rhyme, metre, rhythm, all these conveying information. One point merits our attention. Wang not only talks about the times? poetic art, but also the impact language?s activity has produced on translation. In times when the language is active, translation is prospering. The reform of poetic art has improved the translation quality of poems. For example, around May Fourth Movement, Baihua replaced classical style of writing, so the translation achieved earthshaking success. The relation between the state of language and translation is so