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的中斷向量區(qū)等等 )時(shí),指令冗余就不起作用了 : 只有在非程序區(qū)設(shè)置攔截措施,使程序掉入軟 件陷阱,強(qiáng)行將程序納入正軌。洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 14 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 單元電路的選擇 單片機(jī)的選用 AT89C2051 是一帶有 2K 字節(jié)閃速可編程可擦除只讀存儲(chǔ)體 (EEPROM)的低電壓,高性能 8 位 CMOS 微型計(jì)算機(jī)。 AT89C2051 是一個(gè)功能強(qiáng)大的單片機(jī),但它只有 20 個(gè)引腳, 15 個(gè)雙向輸入 /輸出( I/O)端口,其中 P1 是一個(gè)完整的 8 位雙向 I/O 口,兩個(gè)外中斷口,兩個(gè)16 位可編程定時(shí)計(jì)數(shù)器,兩個(gè)全雙向串行通信口,一個(gè)模擬比較放大器。 附圖 1 中的壓鍵開(kāi)關(guān)、 AT89C2051 的 腳及其上的上拉電阻 R6 構(gòu)成摘掛機(jī)檢測(cè)模塊,當(dāng)主人摘機(jī)后壓鍵開(kāi)關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)換狀態(tài), 腳的電平由高變低,完成摘機(jī)檢測(cè)。設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)為了同時(shí)對(duì)顯示屏的 12V 直流工作電源和 CN 的 5 腳 VID 輸入的視頻信號(hào)進(jìn)行控制,選用 HJR 型雙刀雙擲電磁式繼電器并利用其常開(kāi)觸點(diǎn), R4 對(duì)繼電器線圈起限流保護(hù)作用, D3 對(duì)繼電器線圈起續(xù)流保護(hù)作用。 Q5 導(dǎo)通,繼電器吸合給視頻顯示屏提供工作電壓及視頻信號(hào)以顯示視頻圖像。但若主人未摘機(jī),則壓鍵開(kāi)關(guān)不轉(zhuǎn)換狀態(tài),來(lái)訪者仍不能與主人進(jìn)行通話。附圖 1 所示,分壓電阻 R1 R R21 和濾波電容 C10 為傳聲器提供直流工作電壓,傳聲器產(chǎn)生的音頻信號(hào)經(jīng) C11 耦合, C12 濾波輸入到 Q8 的基極,經(jīng) Q8放大后,由集電極輸出直接耦合到 Q9 的基極,再經(jīng) Q9 放大由集電極輸出。設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),可選用通用集成運(yùn)算放大器來(lái)設(shè)計(jì),但所需外圍器件較多,并且音頻放大效果不夠理想,為此選用具有所需外圍器件少,工作電壓為 4V~ 12V,低變形和低功耗等特點(diǎn)的專用音頻集成功率放大器 LM386,并且采用放大倍數(shù)為 20 倍的典型接法 。 2. 將控制主機(jī)的音頻 /視頻輸出端子( Aout/Vout)用 AV 線連接至電視機(jī)音頻 /視頻輸出端子。 6. 再用隨機(jī)配置的“功能遙控器”,按動(dòng)“搜 臺(tái)鍵”,可將當(dāng)?shù)乜墒找暤乃须娨暪?jié)目搜索存儲(chǔ)。 (2)無(wú) AV 輸入(含老式按鍵電視機(jī))和開(kāi)機(jī)時(shí)總是恢復(fù)到 TV(電視機(jī)高頻接收)狀態(tài)的電視機(jī),可選擇 TV 輸入方式。 2. 將單戶門口機(jī) 12V 電源接入市電 220V(樓宇單元門口機(jī)則與防停電電源箱連接)。3/ 4CH 電視制式: PAL D/ K PAL I 整機(jī)功耗 : ﹤ 10W 天線阻抗: 75Ω 不平衡式 數(shù)碼式口機(jī)技術(shù)參數(shù) 數(shù)碼管顯示: “ ” 4 位動(dòng)態(tài) 呼叫號(hào)碼: 4 位 通話時(shí)限: 15 秒 工作電壓: DC12V177。 LCD 電視的原理框圖如下圖所示,主要由以下幾個(gè)部分組成: RFO CVBS YUV/Sync 數(shù)字 YUV SVideo VChCro 伴音信號(hào) VGA LCD 顯示 數(shù)據(jù) 接口 DVI 接口 普通模擬電視信號(hào)處理 模擬信號(hào)數(shù)字信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換 ADC 模擬 VGA/ 數(shù)字VGA 信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換ADC 隔行 /逐行轉(zhuǎn)換模塊 供電模塊 CPU 模塊 DVI 接收器 LCD 圖像信號(hào)處理(SCALER) DVI 接收器 LCD 模塊 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 20 1. 普通模擬電視信號(hào)處理模塊。高頻頭輸出的復(fù)合電視信號(hào)經(jīng)視頻解碼 IC 處理后,輸出模擬 YUV(或 RGB)信號(hào)及行場(chǎng)同步信號(hào)供數(shù)字板進(jìn)行處理使用。該模塊把隔行格式的數(shù)字 YUV(或 RGB)信號(hào)進(jìn)行逐行處理后輸出一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)逐行格式的數(shù)字 YUV(或 RGB)信號(hào)。這部分的功能主要由 DVI 接收器來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。其主要功能有:數(shù)字色度亮 度處理、彩色 γ 校正、圖像大小縮放、畫質(zhì)改善、運(yùn)動(dòng)補(bǔ)償、邊緣平滑等。 8. LCD 顯示模塊。 10. 供電模塊。這次設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié)起來(lái) 可得到如下結(jié)論 : 1. 系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)正確、可行。硬件采用模板逐步設(shè)計(jì)方式,根據(jù)功能插接相應(yīng)的模塊插件。通過(guò)語(yǔ)音的溝通,使主人得到確切的信息,更使用、更安全。 例如 增加自動(dòng)撥號(hào)報(bào)警 功能、電子密碼鎖、電子遙控技術(shù)、自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)。洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)() 22 謝 辭 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)即將結(jié)束了,這也是我在大學(xué)階段最后一次設(shè)計(jì)。雖然畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)完成了,但是,由于自己所學(xué)的知識(shí)有限,我們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)中遇到很多問(wèn)題,在很多方面還不夠完善,實(shí)踐,是一面很亮的鏡子,能夠通過(guò)它看出我們自身的缺點(diǎn),通過(guò)這次設(shè)計(jì),我明顯感覺(jué)到“書到用時(shí)方恨少”。你們是我走向社會(huì)的領(lǐng)路人,是我人生的指明燈。s high density, nonvolatile memory technology, patible with standard MCS51 instruction system in general, sheet 8 bit CPU and Flash storage unit, AT89C2051 singlechip microputer in electronic products in a wide range of applications. Internal structure AT89C2051 is a 2K byte flash programmable and erasable read only memory (EEPROM) low voltage, high performance 8 bit CMOS uses ATMEL highdensity nonvolatile memory technology manufacturing and industry standard MCS51 instruction set and pin structure the single chip bination of general CPLI and flash memory, ATMEL AT89C2051 is a powerful micro processor, which for many embedded control applications to provide a highly flexible and low cost solution. AT89C2051 offers the following functions: Standard 2K memory, 128 bytes of RAM, 15 I/O, two 16 bit timer, a five vector two suspended structure, a full duplex serial port, a precision analog parator and two optional software power save party stop CPU work but allows RAM, timer / counter, serial port and interrupt system to powerdown mode saves the RAM content but the oscillator stops working and the prohibition of other parts of the work to the next a hardware reset. The confidentiality of the procedure AT89C2051 design procedures are 2 confidential, confidential 1 is programmed, a program memory can not be erased unless a programming, the security bit 2 is programmed, program cannot be read. 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 27 Hardware and software development AT89C2051 can use the following two methods and development of application systems. 1, because 89C2051 internal program memory Flash, and modify it inside the program is very convenient, if equipped with a programmable 89C2051 personnel can use the program editing Compilation curing inserted into a circuit board test such repeated cycle method, for experienced MCS51 programmers, debugging this method is not very to do this test would not be able to understand the internal RAM content and program direction and other relevant information. 2, ordinary 8031/80C31 emulator simulation plug in ~ and ~ out simulation 2051, this method can use singlestep, breakpoint debugging method, but the simulation is not true, for example, 2051 internal analog parator function, P1, P3 export enhancement under tensile capacity etc..Pin description AT89C2051 chip pin diagram The AT89C2051 pin diagram as shown on the right. In 1, VCC: power supply voltage. In 2, GND. In 3, P1: P1 is a 8 bit bidirectional I/O of ~ with internal pullup resistor, and requires external pull up and are respectively as onchip precision analog parator of the inphase input (ANI0) and the inverting input (AIN1).The P1 port output buffer capable of absorbing 20mA current and can directly display driver the P1 port write 1, which can be used as input, when ~ is used as the input pins and is externally pulled low, they will 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 28 because of internal write 1, which can be used as the pin is ~ as input and is externally pulled low, they will because of internal pullup resistor and the outflow current. In 4, P3: P3 ~, mouth with internal pullup resistor seven bidirectional I/O is used for fixing the input in the output signal of the parator and it serves as a general I/O pins that are not port buffer can absorb 20mA the P3 export to write 1, they are internal pullup resistors are pulled up and used as input, is externally pulled low P3 mouth foot will use the pullup