【正文】 ement ? 33 Transferring the Analysis... ?Now we can copy the analysis from the Session window….. ?Highlight the text you want to copy…. ?Select Edit….. Copy….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 37 Graphic Capabilities 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 41 Pareto Chart.... Minitab now pletes our pareto for us ready to be copied and pasted into your PowerPoint presentation…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 45 Histogram.... Minitab now pletes our histogram for us ready to be copied and pasted into your PowerPoint presentation…. This data does not look like it is very normal…. Let’s use Minitab to test this distribution for normality…... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 49 Histogram.... Note that now we not only have our Histogram but a number of other descriptive statistics as well…. This is a great summary slide... As for the normality question, note that our P value of .038 rejects the null hypothesis (P.05). So, we conclude with 95% confidence that the data is not normal….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 53 Histogram.... Note that now we not only have our Histogram but a dot plot of each head data as well... Note that head number 6 seems to be the source of the high readings….. This type of Histogram is called a “Marginal Plot”.. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 57 Boxplot.... ?Select Boxplot of data…. ?Select OK….. ?Select OK again on the next screen... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 61 Boxplot.... Note that now we now have a box plot broken out by each of the various heads.. Note that head number 6 again seems to be the source of the high readings….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 65 Scatter plot.... We now have two Scatter plots of the data stacked on top of each other… We can display this better by tiling the graphs…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 69 Scatter Plot.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Click in the “Graph variables” block ?Highlight all three available data sets… ?Click on the “Select” button... ?Select OK when done... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 73 Let’s do a process capability study…. Open Minitab and load the file …. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 77 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 81 Analyzing the Results ?Since the P value is greater than .05 we can assume the “Before” data is normal ?Now repeat the test for the “After” Data (this is left to the student as a learning exercise..) 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 85 Setting up the test…. ?Our response will be the actual receipt performance for the two weeks we are paring. In this case we had put the stacked data in column C4…. ?Our factors is the label column we created when we stacked the data (C3).. ?We set our Confidence Level for the test (95%). ?Then select “OK”. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 89 Setting up the test…. ?We see that we have two options for our graphical output. For this small a sample, Boxplots will not be of much value so we select “Dotplots of data” and hit “OK”. Hit OK again on the next screen…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 93 ? In this example we are trying to determine if shoe material “A” wear rate is different from shoe material “B”. ? Our data has been collected using ten boys, whom were asked to wear one shoe made from each material. Ho: Material “A” wear rate = Material “B” wear rate Ha: Material “A” wear rate ? Material “B” wear rate 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 97 Paired Comparison We see how the 95% confidence interval of the mean relates to the value we are testing. In this case, the value falls outside the 95% confidence interval of the data mean. This gives us confirmation that the shoe materials are significantly different. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 101 ?Select the columns which contain the table. Then select “OK” Setting up the test…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 105 Set up the analysis…. ?Select Stat… ?ANOVA… ?One way… 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 109 Let’s Look At Main Effects…. ?Choose Stat ?ANOVA ?Main Effects Plot…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 113 First Create an Experimental Design... Go to ?Stat… ?DOE… ?Factorial... ?Create Factorial Design... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 117 Bowling Example (continued) Fill in the names for your factors…. Then fill in the actual conditions for low () or high (+) Now, select OK and go back to the main screen. Once at the main screen select Options... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 121 Bowling Example (continued) Highlight your Data column and use Select to place it in the Responses box. Then, select the Terms Option. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 125 Bowling Example (continued) ?Another way we can look at the data is to look at the Factorial Plots of the resulting data. ?Go to ?DOE…. ?Factorial… ?Factorial Plots…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 129 Bowling Example (continued) ?Now lets look at the interactions.... ?Go to ?DOE…. ?Factorial… ?Factorial Plots… 169