【正文】 ed to have all the electoral votes for that state, even though a presidential receives only slightly more than electoral votes of that state. This system is known as the “winnertakeall” principle. 3. In American political system, the American Constitution divides the powers of the government into three branches —the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial. According to the Constitution the powers of the three branches should be separated and kept balanced. The Constitution limits the powers of each branch and prevents any one branch from gaining undue power. This balance is always kept among the three branches and this is called the “system of checks and balances”.4. The American Civil Rights Movement mainly refers to the American black people39。 to make laws. It is the supreme legislative body of the nation, It is made of two houses — the senate and the House of the Representatives. The judicial branch refers to the Supreme Court and some inferior courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court of the whole land and has the sole right to interpret the Constitution and review laws to see whether they are in agreement with the Constitution. The Supreme Court is headed by a Chief Justice and eight other justices.套三、答案I. Fill in the following blanks. 1. Harvard, 2. the end of American Civil War, Eastern Church, 4. Louisiana, 5. arrow and heart. 6. patriotism。 Christmas Eve。s Vietnam War. In 1990s the U. S. attacked Iraq and Kosovo. In a word , the United States never stops its aggression and expansion.2. (1) The system of the Gulf: The Mississippi River and its tributaries form an important inland navigation and irrigation system. (2) The system of the Atlantic: The Hudson River, linked by canals with the five Great Lakes, is one of the main arteries for inland water traffic. There are also Potomac River, St. Lawrence River which serves as an international river forming part of the boundary between . and Canada. (3) The system of the Pacific: two major rivers, the Columbia River and the Colorado River which are rich in potential water power.3. American industry is developing so rapidly that it has been in the leading position for the past century. Many manufacture goods rank the first three in the world. Its major industry includes aircraft, puters, chemicals, electronics, motor vehicles, textiles, etc. There are many big panies and small enterprises…《英美概況（二）》練習(xí)題二答案套四、答案I. Fill in the following blanks. 1. 1607, 1776 2. Christopher Columbus 3. Plymouth 4. Philadelphia 5. 1783 6. Missouri, Ohio 7. St. Lawrence River 8. Colorado River 9. Appalachian 10. Potomac 11. three 12. State 13. Bill of Rights 14. House of Representatives 15. DemocraticII. Decide whether the following statements are true [T] or false [F] 1.[F] 2.[T] 3.[F] 4.[T] 5.[T] 6. [F] 7. [F] 8.[T] 9. [F] 10. [F] III. Explain the following terms. 1. The Democratic Party grew out of the “ AntiFederalists” that appeared after 1787. It was founded in 1828, led by a group of planters and capitalists and a considerable number of small farmers. Thomas Jefferson was the leader. 2. The parties in the United States choose all their candidates for election at “primary elections”, which is held in spring. “Primary elections” are considered the first step and part of the formal voting process and it has many forms. Once the party candidates have been chosen, the primary campaign between the parties begins Sometimes a lot of money is needed for a primary campaign. 3. The war was started under Eisenhower and ended in January 1973. It ended with a victory of the North Vietnamese people and a thorough failure of the United States. The Vietnam War was an example of American imperialism for the benefit of the American corporate military interests. 4.. the Civil Rights Movement carried by the blacks to get the civil rights in 19503