【正文】 [D] or 人口增長(zhǎng)的主要原因與其說是因?yàn)槌錾实奶岣撸€不如說是因?yàn)獒t(yī)療的進(jìn)步帶來的死亡率下降的結(jié)果。這一點(diǎn)考生應(yīng)與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)區(qū)別開來 如： all visible lights, red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength. [A] Among [B] Of [C]For [D]To 答案為[B] 2)比較級(jí)形式表示最高級(jí)意義時(shí)，比較對(duì)象的范圍應(yīng)用： any other +單數(shù)名詞 the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the others anyone/anything else 上述詞是用業(yè)將比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變成最高級(jí)意義的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，切不可遺漏，尤其是other，否則會(huì)造成邏輯混亂的錯(cuò)誤。prefer…to…。如： It is better to die one’s feet than . [A]living on one’s knees [B]live on one’s knees [C]on one’s knees [D]to live on one’s knees (答案為D) Despite the temporary difficulties, the manager prefers increasing the output to decreasing it. 2．其他具有并列或比較意義的短語(yǔ)也可引導(dǎo)平行結(jié)構(gòu)。如 Conversation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with that of listener, and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses” by role。 do代替動(dòng)詞，注意數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 Our department was monitored by two supervisors, Bill and me. 這里me必須用賓格形式。如： They each have two coats we are each responsible for his own family 4．由and連接兩個(gè)先行詞，代詞用復(fù)數(shù) 如：the tourist and businessmen lost their luggage in the accident （三） 主謂一致問題 主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)在數(shù)上要一致。如： Buying clothes is often a timeconsuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her. (1987年考研題) To understand the situation pletely requires more thought than has been given thus far. 2．表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積等度量的名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 neither…nor…。如： Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood. （1996年考研題） There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the munity. （1990年考研題） 4．一些表示數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)與名詞連用時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于名詞的數(shù)，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，反之就用單數(shù)。 twothird (threefourth…) of。 none of 等等 Twothirds of people present are women Lots of damage was caused by the fire 5．集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)表示的意思和數(shù)，當(dāng)表示整體時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的個(gè)體時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)?？忌鷳?yīng)掌握什么情況下需要倒裝,并對(duì)倒裝后的句子能夠認(rèn)出來，避免做題時(shí)候的盲目和迷茫。如： Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. In between these two extremes are those people who agree with the jury system as a whole, but feel that some changes need to be implemented to improve its effectiveness. 二． 采用部分倒裝情況 部分倒裝一般是把句子謂語(yǔ)的一部分（主要是助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞）放到句子主語(yǔ)前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝，而全部倒裝則把句子的謂語(yǔ)（包括實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）都放在主語(yǔ)前 1．下列否定詞及含有否定意義的詞組修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，若置于句首，句子的主謂要部分倒裝： never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in vain, still less。 not only was he the prophet of the moment, but it was generally believed that he had founded a new and most important method of prediction. 2．以only修飾狀語(yǔ)（副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)從句）開頭的句子，句子的主謂要部分倒裝： only then, only at that time, only once, only in this way, only with, only through, only by, only when, only after, only because。如： Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce. Today’s electuic cars cannot go as fast as gasolinedriven vehicles because the battery does not offer the same amount of energy as does gasoline bustion. Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body. 5．用于前面所說的情況也適用于另一人（物）的肯定句或否定句中的倒裝 1） 肯定重復(fù)倒裝用：so They have got up, and so has jack 2) 否定重復(fù)倒裝用：nor, neither, no more If you don’t agree to our plan, neither will they 6．“not only..but also”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，如果not only 放在句首，則前半句but (also)句子后面不倒裝 Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to being broke. 三． 特殊的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 特殊形式的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)是指句子雖然是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但不是主謂倒裝，而往往是出于強(qiáng)調(diào)的需要，把強(qiáng)調(diào)部分移到句首，而其它部分順序不需要改變，句子主謂不需要倒裝。如： While it’s true that we all need a career, preferably a profitable one, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge—be it scientific or artistic. The business of each day selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. [A] it being [B] be it [C] was it [D] it was (答案為B) 3) no matter how(who…)。 clock this afternoon. A. has gone B. has not gone C will be going D. has been going 8. By the time you arrive in London, we __ in Europe for two weeks. A. shall stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying 9. Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed . A. had produced B. have been produced C. would have produced D. had been produced 10. The president __ the delegation at the airport but he was taken ill last night, so the vicepresident is going to instead. A. is to meet B. was to meet C. has been to meet D. was to have met 語(yǔ)法測(cè)題答案與詳解 1．(D) 根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則，間接引語(yǔ)(或賓語(yǔ)從句)的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。 4．(A) 句意表明委員會(huì)是在調(diào)查事件之后才會(huì)做出決定，調(diào)查應(yīng)發(fā)生在決定之前，所以應(yīng)用將來完成時(shí)態(tài)，但是在英語(yǔ)中，時(shí)間條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的將來完成時(shí)態(tài)是由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來表示的，所以正確答案是(A)。 6．（B） 這是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)(或句型)。這樣，本道題目的正確答案是(