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【正文】 48553[17] Zhao D, Huo Q, Feng J, et al. J. Fabrication of Carbon Capsules with Hollow Macroporous Core/Mesoporous Shell Structures. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120: 60246029[18] Studky G D , Chmelka B F , Zhao D , et al. Exchange Resins in shape Fabrication of Hollow Inorganic and CarbonaceousInorganic. Int. Patent WO99/37705 (July 1999)[19] 馮芳霞,竇濤,(加工版),1998,3:2226[20] Huo Q, Hargoless D I, Stucky G D, et al. An Aqueous Cooperative Assembly Route To Synthesize Ordered Mesoporous Carbons with Controlled Structures and Morphology. Nature, 1994, 368: 317321[21] Kresge C T, Leonowicz M E, Roth W J, et al. Metallica Mesoporous Nanoposites for Electro catalysis. Nature, 1992, 359: 710712[22] Tanev P T, Chibwe M, Pinnavaia T J. Nanoporous Metals with Controlled Multimodal Pore Size Distribution. Nature, 1994, 368: 321323[23] Corma A, Fornes V, Navarro M T, et al. Synthesis of highly ordered MCM41 by Micellepacking control with mixed surfactant. J Catal, 1994, 148: 569574[24] Hou Q, Clesla U, Koyano A, et al. Triblock copolymer syntheses of mesoporous silica with period 50 to 300 angstrom pores. Chem Mater, 1994, 6: 11761191[25] Corma A, Martinez A et al. A facile preparation of transparent and monolithie mesoporous silica materials. J Catal, 1995, 153: 2530[26] Stucky G D, Hou Q, Firouzi A, et al. Preprints Symposia Division of Petroleum. Stud Surf Sci Catal, 1996, 105: 328[27] 周四清,伏再輝,2002,25(1): 4750[28] 袁忠勇,王敬中,1997,(4): 58[29] 張小明,張兆榮,2000,(3):2931[30] 趙杉林,翟玉春,1999,28(3):2228[31] 郭建新,王樂夫,2000,(7):4449[32] 加璐,程代云,1994,(4),1521[33] Kresge C T, Leonowicz M E, Roth W J, et al. Nature. 1992, 359(6397): 710714[34] Ryoo R, Joo S H, Jun S. Synthesis of highly ordered carbon molecular sieves via template mediated structural transformation. J Phy. Chem. B, 1999, 103: 77437746[35] Fuertes A B, Nevskaia D M. Control of mesoporous structure ofcarbons synthesised using amesostructured silica as temp late. Micropor Mesopor Mater, 2003, 62: 177190[36] :化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社, 2003,4:55[37] Zhang W H, Liang C, Sun H, et al. Synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbons posed of nanotubes via catalytic chemical vapor deposition. Adv. Mater., 2002, 14: 17761778[38] 王連洲,施劍林,禹劍,1999,14(3):333337[39] 陳航榕,施劍林,禹劍,2000,28(3):259264[40] 王宏志,高濂,1999,(1):3137第二部分 實(shí)驗(yàn)方案設(shè)計(jì)：1. 用P123合成介孔氧化硅模板SBA152. 用介孔氧化硅為“硬模板”來合成有序介孔炭 所需化學(xué)試劑：P123（聚環(huán)氧乙烯醚－聚環(huán)氧丙稀醚－聚環(huán)氧乙烯醚，摩爾比為20：70：20），正硅酸乙酯（TEOS，Aldrich）,蒸餾水，HCL（35 wt%）,乙醇，氫氟酸，蔗糖，硫酸 所需實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器：燒杯，夾層燒杯，烘干箱，電磁攪拌器，電子天平，恒溫水浴震蕩器，比表面積和孔隙度測定儀，掃描電子顯微鏡，X－射線衍射儀 實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟： 氧化硅模板SBA15的合成(1)將32g P123（聚環(huán)氧乙烯醚－聚環(huán)氧丙稀醚－聚環(huán)氧乙烯醚，摩爾比為20：70：20）三嵌段聚合物表面活性劑（平均分子量為5800，分子式EO20PO70EO20，Aldrich）溶于1000g蒸餾水和200g HCL（35 wt%）中，在40℃下攪拌4個(gè)小時(shí)，以確保表面活性劑在水相體系中均勻分散。洗滌后的樣品在550℃下焙燒2小時(shí)除去模板劑，所得樣品標(biāo)記為SBA1540。典型的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程為：，待蔗糖完全溶解后往溶液中添加1g的SBA15100，電磁攪拌成糊狀。（蔗糖，硫酸和水的質(zhì)量比與首次浸漬時(shí)相同）擴(kuò)散進(jìn)入部分炭化樣品的孔隙中，再分別在100℃和160℃部分炭化后，然后置入管式爐中，在N2保護(hù)下900℃高溫炭化。
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