【正文】 s 強(qiáng)制接觸離合器 51. the overloadrelease clutches 超載釋放保護(hù)離合器 52. the overrunning clutches 超越離合器 53. the magic fluid clutches 磁流變離合器 54. the metal removal rate 金屬去除率 55. the universal threadgrinding machine 通用螺紋磨床 56. the straightness of machine tool slideways 機(jī)床工具導(dǎo)軌的直線度 57. The adhesive property of oil 潤滑油的粘度 58. the singlepoint cutting tools 單點切削工具 59. the multipoint cutting tools 多點切削工具 60. the randompoint cutting tool 任意點切削工具 61. tracing and duplicating lathes 仿形車床 62. singlespindle automatic lathes 單軸自動車床 63. multispindle automatic lathes 多軸自動車床 64. the gearcutting machine 齒輪切削機(jī)床 65. the special metal removal methods 特種加工 66. the electrical discharge machining 電火花加工 67. the operating mechanisms of the shaper 牛頭刨床的操作機(jī)構(gòu) 68. the mechanically driven shaper 機(jī)械傳動牛頭刨床 69. the infinitely variable cutting speeds 平滑調(diào)整切削速度 70. the upright drilling machines 立式鉆床 71. the radial drilling machines 搖臂鉆床 72. the plain radial drilling machines 平面 搖臂鉆床 73. the multispindle drilling machine 多軸鉆床 74. the telescoping splined shaft 花鍵軸的伸縮 75. an knee and column type of milling machine 銑床的升降臺式 76. Fixedbed milling machines 固定床銑床 77. the hardened tool steel 淬硬工具鋼 78. a cylindrical grinding machine 外圓磨床 79. the new materialremoval methods 新型材料去除工 藝 四．翻譯下列句子 1. The simplest closedloop linkage is the fourbar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（ 最簡單的封閉式的連桿機(jī)構(gòu)就是四桿機(jī)構(gòu)，四桿機(jī)構(gòu)有三個運(yùn)動構(gòu)件（加上一個固定構(gòu)件）并且有四個銷軸。 ） 4. The ability to visualize relative motion, to reason why a mechanism is designed the way it is, and the ability to improve on a particular design are marks of a successful kinematician.（ 設(shè)想相對運(yùn)動的能力，能推想出之所以這樣設(shè)計一個機(jī)構(gòu)的原因和對一個具體設(shè)計進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的能力是一個成功的機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)家的標(biāo)志。 2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (inline) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base circle. 對于一個對心直動滾子從動件盤形凸輪，可畫出的與凸輪表面相切且與輪軸同心的最小圓是基圓 譯文 P40 [1] 3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a risedwellreturn and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees. 在自動化機(jī)械中的許多應(yīng)用需要間歇運(yùn)動。 6. Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys. 緊固和聯(lián)結(jié)零部件的典型方法包含使用這些零件：螺栓，螺母，有頭螺釘、定位螺釘，鉚釘，鎖緊裝置和鍵。 10. The term antifriction bearing is used to describe that class of bearing in which the main load is transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact. 減摩軸承這個詞被用于描述這樣一類軸承，其主要載荷是通過滾動接觸而不是滑動接觸的元件傳遞的． 11. It is this gradual engagement of the teeth and the smooth transfer of load from one tooth to another, which give helical gears the ability to transmit heavy loads at high speeds． 正是螺旋齒輪，從一個齒到另一個齒的逐漸嚙合和載荷的平穩(wěn)傳遞，給了螺旋齒輪在高速下傳遞重載荷的能力． 12. A shaft is a rotating or stationary member, usually of circular cross section, having mounted upon it such elements as gears, pulleys, flywheels, cranks, sprockets, and other powertransmission elements. 軸是一個固定或轉(zhuǎn)動的零件，通常是圓截面的，在它上面安裝了如齒輪，帶輪，飛輪，曲柄，鏈輪等零件和其他動力傳遞零件． 13. Roughing, for which the metal removal rate, and consequently the cutting force, is high, but the required dimensional accuracy relatively low. 粗加工，通常金屬切削率和切削力高，但所要求的尺寸精度相對低。 17. Antifriction bearings are used in a great variety of products, toys, household products, refrigerators, roller stakes, garage doors, trucks, industrial machinery, dental equipments and guided missiles, for example. 減摩軸承使用在各種各樣的產(chǎn)品中，例如：玩具，家用產(chǎn)品，電冰箱，軋輥座，汽車門，卡車，工業(yè)機(jī)械，牙醫(yī)設(shè)備和導(dǎo)彈等等。 21. Machines using multipoint cutting tools include: (1) drilling machines, (2) milling machines, (3) broaching machines, (4) sawing machines, (5) gearcutting machines. 使用多刃切削刀具的機(jī)床包括： (1)鉆床， (2)銑床， (3)拉床， (4)鋸床， (5)齒輪切削機(jī)床。 五．翻譯下列短文 kinematic chain is a system of links, that is, rigid bodies, which are either jointed together or are in contact with one another in a manner that permits them to move relative to one another. If one of the links is fixed and the movement of any other link to a new position will cause each of the other links to move to definite predictable position, the system is a constrained kinematic chain. If one of the links is held fixed and the movement of any other link to a new position will not cause each of the other links to move to a definite predictable position, then the system is an unconstrained kinematic chain. （ 運(yùn)動鏈?zhǔn)且粋€構(gòu)件系統(tǒng)裝置即若干個剛體，它們或者彼此鉸接或者互相接觸，方式上是允許它們彼此間產(chǎn)生相對運(yùn)動。 a structure does not. Since linkages make simple mechanisms and can be designed to perform plex tasks, such as nonlinear motion and force transmission, they will receive much attention in mechanism study. （ 機(jī)構(gòu)或連桿構(gòu)件是一個可約束的傳動鏈而且是一個從輸入到輸出以傳遞運(yùn)動和（或）力為目的的機(jī)械裝置。由于連桿機(jī)構(gòu)做成一簡單機(jī)構(gòu)而且能設(shè)定實現(xiàn)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，例如非線性運(yùn)動和力的傳遞運(yùn)動。曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的輸入構(gòu)件，曲柄可旋轉(zhuǎn)通過 360176。格拉肖夫準(zhǔn)則（定理）表明：如果四桿機(jī)構(gòu)中，任意兩桿之間能作連續(xù)相對轉(zhuǎn)動，那么，其最長桿長 度與最短桿長度之和就小于或等于其余兩桿長度之和。它意味著運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，其中能在輸出構(gòu)件中產(chǎn)生一個力或扭矩的最大分力是有效的。傳動角 0176。衡量連桿機(jī)構(gòu)傳遞運(yùn)動能力的矩陣基礎(chǔ)的定義已經(jīng)研究出來。機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動設(shè)計即運(yùn)動的綜合，第一步常常是先設(shè)計整部機(jī)器。已知一個機(jī)構(gòu)，其構(gòu)成的運(yùn)動特性將由運(yùn)動學(xué)分析來確定。這就是運(yùn)動綜合的本質(zhì)。關(guān)于桿件數(shù)目和自由度的考慮通常被認(rèn)為是類型綜合中被稱作為數(shù)量綜合的一個分支領(lǐng)域。 of their contacting profiles must be such that the mon normal passes through a fixed point on the line of the centers. 齒輪是借助于輪齒成功嚙合來傳遞運(yùn)動的機(jī)器零件。在各種各樣有用的齒輪類型基礎(chǔ)上，輸入軸和輸出軸需要在一直線上或需要互相平行都不受什么限制。 rule around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party anizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process。 follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party3