【正文】 求下，可使曝氣池容積大大減小，節(jié)省處理廠的占地面積；④污泥濃度的提高，將要求較高的曝氣速率，因而純氧曝氣將隨著膜分離而被大量采用?，F(xiàn)在從活性污泥中已發(fā)現(xiàn)的30多種絲狀菌中，只有4種準(zhǔn)確命名及生物分類學(xué)定位，因?yàn)檫@些絲狀菌大部分無法進(jìn)行分離純培養(yǎng)。針對(duì)以上特點(diǎn)，以及出水要求，現(xiàn)有城鎮(zhèn)污水處理技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)，以采用生化處理最為經(jīng)濟(jì)。2）厭氧池+氧化溝處理工藝。根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外已運(yùn)行的中、小型污水處理廠的調(diào)查，要達(dá)到確定的治理目標(biāo)，可采用“A2/O活性污泥法”。Not the dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflation takes place primarily at the waste water water temperature is lower but the dirty mire carries higher microbial burthen is high, the germs absorbed the large quantity nourishment material, is low because of the temperature, metabolism the speed is slower, accumulating the rises large quantity is high to glue sexual and many sugar materials, making the surface of the live and dirty mire adhere to the water to increase consumedly, SVI the value is very high, being the dirty mire inflation. Cause that aim at the dirty mire inflation, can adopt the different counterplan:From the anoxia, water temperature high result in of, can enlargement tolerance or lower into the water measures to alleviate burthen, or the adequacy lowers the MLSS( control dirty mire reflux measure), making need the oxygen measures the dirty mirecarrieshigh, can increaseMLSS, toadjusttheburthen, necessity Foam problem Becauseentering totakethe greaseoflarge quantityinthewater, handling system can39。When spirit time over long, take place in pond the high degree nitric turn the function, making nitrate density high, at two sink the versa nitric in easy occurrence in pond turn the function, creation nitrogen spirit, make dirty mire ascend f1oat。:. Current velocity is not all and the dirty mire sinks to accumulate the problem In Carrousel oxidize ditch, for acquiring its special admixture with handles result, mix with liquid must with certain current velocity is in ditch circulate generally, the lowest current velocity should should attain for an average current velocity for, doing not take place sinking acccmutetmq ~ msl spirit equipments that oxidize the ditch is general to turn to brush for the spirit of to turn the dish with the spirit of , turning to brush of immerse to have no depth for 25 0 ~300 mms, turn the dish immerse to have no depth for 48039。8 ms, united at heart circle type, the pond wall uses totally, reducing to cover the area, lowering to build the price to increases to bear the low temperature ability at the same time。Difference from fourpart the choice pond that cent constitute with !X oxygen outside is a Carrousel to have three spirit machine with a prepare versa nitric turn the pond 2000 system.( such as figure 2 show)Five is tube line that the design that the circular integral whole turn to make oxidize the ditch do not need additionally, can immediately realize dirty mire in reflux allotment in different craft unit[I7J. 6. Conclusion The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch because of having the good a phosphorus takes off the nitrogen ability, antipounds at the burthen ability with circulate to manage the convenience etc. the advantage, having got the extensive because of technological development with social advance, that craft is necessarily will exaltation getting author thinks:The carrousel oxidizes the future research direction of the ditch will now of main below several aspects. 1 Combination living creature method, research with develop the living creature model carrousel oxidize the this can not only increases the microorganism gross of the unit reactor measures, from but increases the organism carries, but also living creature oneself the inside that have places the AI the system of 0 enhances to take off the nitrogen result[IBl. 2 Increases continuously the Carrousel oxidize the microbial activity in Inside in example throw to add the EM in oxidize ditch with single mind the germ grow, throws in that the salt of Iron make the microorganism tame the live char in iron, devotion in living creature to bee the torrnation to strengthen the germ gum regiment and increases to bear the toxicity pound at etc.. 3 Increasing the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch equtpments function with supervise and control the that increases form machine, underwater propeller, reduce to maintain the workload。水處理新技術(shù)及工程設(shè)計(jì)[M]。化工給排水設(shè)計(jì)，1997，2：16~18?！　　6] Dudley, J. Process testing of aerators in oxidation ditches. Water Research, 1995,29(9):2217~2219.[7] Stamou, Anastasios T. Modeling of oxidation ditches using an open channel flow 1D advection dispersion equation and ASMI process de scription. Water Science and Technology, 1997,36(5):269~276. [8] Abusam, A.。中國(guó)給水排水，1997，13(3)：17~19。[11] 潘玲，徐得潛，張樂英。氧化溝工藝運(yùn)行中常見問題與解決方法。[14] 李偉民，鄧榮森，王濤等。微孔曝氣、Carrousel2000型氧化溝工藝處理城市污水。中國(guó)給水排水，2003，19(12)：101~102。[18] Gillot, S.。關(guān)鍵詞： Carrousel ； 氧化溝； 除磷脫氮； 結(jié)構(gòu)； 機(jī)理1. 前言　　氧化溝（oxidation ditch）又名連續(xù)循環(huán)曝氣池（Continuous loop reactor），是活性污泥法的一種變形?！　∧壳皯?yīng)用較為廣泛的氧化溝類型包括：帕斯韋爾（Pasveer）氧化溝、卡魯塞爾（Carrousel）氧化溝 、奧爾伯（Orbal）氧化溝、T型氧化溝（三溝式氧化溝）、DE型氧化溝和一體化氧化溝。在原Carrousel氧化溝的基礎(chǔ)上DHV公司和其在美國(guó)的專利特許公司EIMCO又發(fā)明了Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了更高要求的生物脫氮和除磷功能。氧化溝斷面為矩形或梯形，平面形狀多為橢圓形，～，寬深比為2:1，亦有水深達(dá)7m的。在這種充分摻氧的條件下，微生物得到足夠的溶解氧來去除BOD；同時(shí)，氨也被氧化成硝酸鹽和亞硝酸鹽，此時(shí)，混合液處于有氧狀態(tài)。該系統(tǒng)中，BOD降解是一個(gè)連續(xù)過程，硝化作用和反硝化作用發(fā)生在同一池中。因此，一味延長(zhǎng)污泥齡（例如20d、25d、30d）是沒有必要的，宜在8~15d范圍內(nèi)選用。 污泥膨脹問題　　當(dāng)廢水中的碳水化合物較多，N、P含量不平衡，pH值偏低，氧化溝中污泥負(fù)荷過高，溶解氧濃度不足，排泥不暢等易引發(fā)絲狀菌性污泥膨脹；非絲狀菌性污泥膨脹主要發(fā)生在廢水水溫較低而污泥負(fù)荷較高時(shí)。用表面噴淋水或除沫劑去除泡沫，常用除沫劑有機(jī)油、煤油、硅油，~。但最重要的是要加強(qiáng)水源管理，減少含油過高廢水及其它有毒廢水的進(jìn)入[12]。 流速不均及污泥沉積問題　　在Carrousel氧化溝中，為了獲得其獨(dú)特的混合和處理效果，混合液必須以一定的流速在溝內(nèi)循環(huán)流動(dòng)。加裝上、下游導(dǎo)流板是改善流速分布、提高充氧能力的有效方法和最方便的措施。另外，通過在曝氣機(jī)上游設(shè)置水下推動(dòng)器也可以對(duì)曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷底部低速區(qū)的混合液循環(huán)流動(dòng)起到積極推動(dòng)作用，從而解決氧化溝底部流速低、污泥沉積的問題。 微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)　　微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)采用微孔曝氣（供氧設(shè)備為鼓風(fēng)機(jī)），微孔曝氣器可產(chǎn)生大量直徑為1mm左右的微小氣泡，這大大提高了氣泡的表面積，使得在池容積一定的情況下氧轉(zhuǎn)移總量增大（如池深增加則其傳質(zhì)效率將更高）。因而，采用潛水推進(jìn)器既降低了動(dòng)力消耗，又使泥水得到了充分地混合。四是采用一體化設(shè)計(jì)，從中心開始，包括以下環(huán)狀連續(xù)工藝單元：進(jìn)水井和用于回流活性污泥的分水器；分別由四部分組成的選擇池和厭氧池。但由于科技的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，該工藝必將得到進(jìn)一步的提高。2 不斷提高Carrousel氧化溝中微生物的活性。4 提高Carrousel氧化溝的耐寒、耐毒性能，減少占地面積和工程造價(jià)。 van Groenestijn, J. W. Use of contact tank to enhance denitrification in oxidation ditches. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 34(12):