【正文】 積大，復雜的控制儀表增加了運行管理的難度。由于選用的填料不同，以及是否有脫氮要求，設計的工藝參數(shù)是不同的，如要求處理出水BODSS＜20mg/L，去除BOD5達90%以上的工藝，～3.生活污水中的成也日益復雜，流程?；钚陨餅V池是將生物濾池、曝氣池及二沉池結合為一體的新型污水處理工藝，它的特點是將生物濾池的部分出水回流匯同二沉池的回流污泥一起進入生物濾池，用活性生物濾池處理生活污水和食品加工廢水的試驗結果表明：該系統(tǒng)具有處理效果好、效率高、BOD由于處理效率低、速度慢、且甲烷菌對環(huán)境要求嚴格不易控制等缺點，厭氧生物處理法長期以來一般僅用于污泥處理，它的主要工藝是化糞池、消化池等。L的容積負荷為2g246。4．活性污泥工藝的發(fā)展趨勢用膜分離代替沉淀進行泥水分離，可帶來活性污泥工藝的以下變化：①不再存在污泥膨脹問題。為搞清聚磷菌除磷的生化機理，已開始用分子診斷技術獲取聚磷菌的遺傳信息。本課題選擇典型的工藝流程，有兩種可供選擇的工藝：1）普通A/A/O法處理工藝。At the same time, the ammonia were too oxidized nitrate with second nitrate, this time, mix with the liquid be placed in the oxygen the spirit machine downstream, after water current be bee by the swift flow appearance of the spirit District oP even flow the appearance, the water current maintainsin theminim umcurrentvelocity,guaranteeingthe liveand dirty mire be placed in the floats the appearance.( average current msl s)Oxldlze microbially the process consumed to fuse theoxygenin thewater,until thevalueofDOdeclinesforzero, mixing with the liquid report the anoxia nitric that turn the function through anoxia area, mix with the liquid enter to have the oxygen area, pleting once system inside, the BOD declines the solution is a continuous process, the nitric turns the function to turn with the versa nitric ~e function ta ke place in same of structural restrict, this kind of oxidize the ditch although can then valid whereabouts BOD, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous ability ltmrtedt. The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphorus takes off the nitrogenous influence factor. Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphoric factor is dirty mire, nitrate density and quality densities research expresses, being total and dirty mire as 11% that a hour biggest phosphorus 4% with deal is its fuck dirty mire deal within live and dirty mire, keep for the the germ physical endowment measures, but when dirty mire over 15 d hour dirty mire the Inside is biggesttocontain theobviousdescentindealIn phosphorus,canning not reach the biggest divideding by the result of phosphorus on the , prolong persistently the dirty mire (for example 20ds,25ds,30ds) is to have no necessary, proper choose to use within the scope of 8~ 15 the same time, high nitrate density with low quality density disadvantage in divided by the process of phosphorus . 4. The Carrousel oxidizes problem and solution methods of the ditch esse. Though the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch has a water fluid matter good, the antipounds at the burthen ability strong, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogen efficiency. But, in physically of movement process, still exstts a series of problem. Dirty mire inflation problem When discard the aquatic carbohydrate more, the N, P contains the unbalance of deal, the pH value is low, oxidizing the dirty mire in inside in ditch carries high, fuse the oxygen density the shortage, line up the mire not etc. causes easily dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflatlon。1f discover the dirty mire is corrupt, should enlargement tolerance, the clearance accumulates the mire, and try the ameliorative pond internal water dint term!39。Three is to used the advanced spirit controller QUTE.( it adopt the much aer kind of changing the deal control mode)f our is to adopt the integral whole turn the design, starting from the center, Including below wreath form consecuuon craft the well of waterwiththecent watermachine thatused for the liveand dirty mire in reflux。導管式氧化溝設計介紹。昆明第一污水廠氧化溝工藝運行實踐及分析。[12] 吳昊，劉慶臣，李強利等。[15] 黃伏根，朱炳林。給水排水，1999，25(3)：27~30。由于其出水水質好、運行穩(wěn)定、管理方便等技術特點，已經(jīng)在國內外廣泛的應用于生活污水和工業(yè)污水的治理[1]。因此氧化溝具有特殊的水力學流態(tài)，既有完全混合式反應器的特點，又有推流式反應器的特點，溝內存在明顯的溶解氧濃度梯度。經(jīng)過缺氧區(qū)的反硝化作用，混合液進入有氧區(qū)，完成一次循環(huán)。但是，在實際的運行過程中，仍存在一系列的問題。另外也可考慮增設一套除油裝置。與氧化溝水深（~）相比，轉刷只占了水深的1/10~1/12，轉盤也只占了1/6~1/7，因此造成氧化溝上部流速較大（~，甚至更大），而底部流速很?。ㄌ貏e是在水深的2/3或3/4以下，混合液幾乎沒有流速），致使溝底大量積泥（），大大減少了氧化溝的有效容積，降低了處理效果，影響了出水水質。目前，研究及應用較多的包括以下兩種類型：微孔曝氣型Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)、Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng)。　　Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng)的較大提高表現(xiàn)在：一是增加了池深，~8m，同心圓式，池壁共用，減少了占地面積，降低造價同時提高了耐低溫能力（可達7℃）；二是曝氣設備的巧妙設計，表曝機下安裝導流筒，抽吸缺氧的混合液，采用水下推進器解決流速問題；三是使用了先進的曝氣控制器QUTE（它采用一種多變量控制模式）。這樣不僅可以提高單位反應器的微生物總量，從而提高有機負荷，而且生物膜本身具有的內置A/O系統(tǒng)強化了脫氮效果[18]。 Doddema, H. J.。例如在氧化溝中投加EM專一菌種、投入鐵鹽使微生物馴化成生物鐵、投入活性炭增強菌膠團的形成并提高耐毒性沖擊等。這之外是有三個曝氣器和一個預反硝化池的Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)（如圖2 所示）。根據(jù)目前鼓風機生產(chǎn)廠家的技術能力，池的有效水深最大可達8m，因此可根據(jù)不同的工藝要求選取合適的水深。上游導流板安裝在距轉盤（轉刷）（上游），導流板高度為水深的1/5~1/6，并垂直于水面安裝；下游導流板安裝在距轉盤（轉刷）。 污泥上浮問題　　當廢水中含油量過大，整個系統(tǒng)泥質變輕，在操作過程中不能很好控制其在二沉池的停留時間，易造成缺氧，產(chǎn)生腐化污泥上?。划斊貧鈺r間過長，在池中發(fā)生高度硝化作用，使硝酸鹽濃度高，在二沉池易發(fā)生反硝化作用，產(chǎn)生氮氣，使污泥上浮；另外，廢水中含油量過大，污泥可能挾油上浮。微生物的負荷高，細菌吸取了大量營養(yǎng)物質，由于溫度低，代謝速度較慢，積貯起大量高粘性的多糖類物質，使活性污泥的表面附著水大大增加，SVI值很高，形成污泥膨脹。由于結構的限制，這種氧化溝雖然可以有效的去處BOD，但除磷脫氮的能力有限[7]。氧化溝曝氣混合設備有表面曝氣機、曝氣轉刷或轉盤、射流曝氣器、導管式曝氣器和提升管式曝氣機等，近年來配合使用的還有水下推動器[4~6]。這些氧化溝由于在結構和運行上存在差異，因此各具特點[2]。 H233。冶金礦山設計與建設，2000，32(6)：23~27。給水排水，2002，28(5)：26~29。[10] 張華。[5] 朱謀溪。 Making use of DO, etc. of ORP many targets supervises and control the technique and changes the technique of is from now on the carrouseloxidizes ditchsciencecirculatenecessarilyfromitroad. 4 Increasing the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch resistant to cold and bear toxicity can, reduce to cover the area to build the price with the application, deep pond in water power term with the research of the craft function is to lowers the engineering builds the price and increases resistant to cold bear the toxicity can wait to provide the possible direction.[1] Xia Shibin, Liu Junxin. An innovative integrated oxidation ditch with vertical circle for domestic wastewater treatment. Process Biochemistry, 2004, 39(4):1117[2] X, Hao。530 oxidize the ditch water the deep(~ ms) paring, turn to brush occupied the deep 1 / 1 0~ in water 1/12, turned the dish to also occupy the 1/639。t pletely and availably its obviation, parts of greases enriches to gather in in the dirty mire, through turn to brush the oxygen agitation, creation large quantity foam。兩種工藝經(jīng)過比較，本項目污水處理的特點為： 污水以有機污染為主，BOD/COD = 〉，可生化性比較好，重金屬及其他的難以生物降解的有毒有害污染物一般不超標； 污水中主要污染物指