【正文】 between X and Y is i_________________ Austin’ s early speech act theory, c________________ were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable. the historical development of language, sound change is inevitable, such as sound loss, sound a________________ and sound movement. is often perceived as a low or vulgar form of language and is deemed to be undesirable in f_________________ styles of language. listening tests involve simultaneously presenting, through earphones, two different auditory signals, one to the right ear and the other to the left ear. children’s language development, oneword utterances can be used to express a concept or predication similar to a sentence in adult speech. For example, a child might use the word “dada” to mean “Dada, e here”, “more” to mean “Give me more candy”. Those utterances can also be called h_________________ sentences. Ⅲ .Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version.(2%10= 21.( )Language can be studied both synchronically and diachronically. The two approaches are equally favored by modern linguists. 22. ( )Stress is a suprasegmental feature that is exclusively used with words, not with sentences. 23. ( )A pound can be written as one word with or without a hyphen between its ponents, or as two separate words. It is simply a matter of convention. 24. ( )Major lexical categories are closed categories because the number of lexical items in these categories is fixed and no new members are allowed for. 25. ( )The important criteria to distinguish polysemy from homonymy are the etymology of the words in question and the closeness of the relationship between the meanings in question. 26. ( )The significance of Grice’s Cooperative Principle lies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey more than is literally said. 27. ( )The invention of steampowered boats gave the verb sail an opportunity to extend its meaning to boats without sails. This example indicates that the meaning or semantic 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 14 representation of words may bee broader. 28. ( )An official language is in fact a national language. 29. ( )Generally speaking, lefthanded people have their language centers in the left hemisphere of the brain. 30. ( )A child born to a Chinese or English speaking family takes about the same number of years to acquire their native tongue, regardless of their general intelligence. Ⅳ .Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.(3%10= contrast morphemes structure meaning act borrowing speech analysis speech Ⅴ .Answer the following questions.(10%2= any FOUR of the features of human language that distinguish it from animal munication system. is bilingualism? What is a bilingual munity? What does it mean that most bilingual munities have one thing in mon? 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 15 00830 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué) 202201 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 16 3 embedded clause 3 syntactic category 3 sense 3 Grimm’ s Law 3 codeswitching 3 psycholinguistics 3 dichotic listening error analysis Ⅴ、 Answer the following questions. (10% 2= 4 Do you think that the meaning of a pound is the sum total of the meaning of 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 17 its ponents? Support your argument with examples. 4 Which maxim does B’ s utterance in the following conversation violate? Does the violation give rise to conversational implicature? If it does, what is the implicature? [A is talking with B about a film they have seen.] A: The film was good. Don’ t you think? B: The music was nice. 00830 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué) 202210 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué) 試卷 (課程代碼 0830) 本試卷共 8頁，滿分 100分，考試時間 150分鐘。 phonology tells us that they function as p , acting to contrast words. 13. Both i____________ morphology and derivational morphology are the two subbranches of morphology. 14. When a sentence is uttered or written down, the words of the sentence are produced one after another in a sequence. This sequential order of words in a sentence shows that the structure of a sentence is l_____________. 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 20 15. C_________ synonyms are synonyms that differ in the words they go together with. It is a matter of usage. 16. According to Searle’s classification of illocutionary acts, “I swear I have never seen the man before” is among the most typical examples of the r______. 17. Sound a________ refers to sound change or process by which features of one element change to match those of another that precedes or follows. 18. Germanspeaking Switzerland is described as a d___________ munity, where the distinct varieties are Standard German and Swiss German. 19. The left hemisphere controls voluntary movements of, and responds to signals from, the r___________ side of the body. 20. Learning is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings while a__________ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily municative situations. III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the bracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （ 2% 10=） 21.( ) People can utter a sentence he has never heard or used before. In this sense, human language is creative. 22.( ) In English both aspirated and unaspirated voiceless stops occur. The voiceless aspirated