【正文】 磁盤陣列使用/dev/md[0n]創(chuàng)建設備文件用mknod 設備名 設備類型編號[2^121] 同一類型設備編號[2^201]終端設備的類型編號是：7Sd設備的類型編號是：8軟件磁盤陣列是：9Ide接口的設備是：22軟盤驅動器設備是：21224。只有raid1以后的磁盤陣列由于本身并不是把所有的磁盤都納入實際使用，故可以實現磁盤（數據）的容錯。raid1陣列自行完成數據的重建 UUID : 6bb034a0:f113a422:0f314a33:f0c11868 Events : Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 2 8 80 0 spare rebuilding /dev/sdf 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc關閉陣列設備Raid5[rootlinux /] mdadm C /dev/md5 level=5 raiddevices=4 /dev/sdc11 /dev/sdc12 /dev/sdc13 /dev/sdc14mdadm: /dev/sdc11 appears to contain an ext2fs file system size=312960K mtime=Sun Feb 24 00:09:49 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc11 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:07:59 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc12 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:07:59 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc13 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:07:59 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc14 appears to contain an ext2fs file system size=312896K mtime=Sun Feb 24 00:09:49 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc14 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:07:59 2013Continue creating array? ymdadm: array /dev/md5 started.[rootlinux /] mdadm S /dev/md5mdadm: stopped /dev/md5方式二指定spare設備的數量[rootlinux /] mdadm C /dev/md5 level=5 raiddevices=4 sparedevices=1 /dev/sdc11 /dev/sdc12 /dev/sdc13 /dev/sdc14 /dev/sdc15mdadm: /dev/sdc11 appears to contain an ext2fs file system size=312960K mtime=Sun Feb 24 00:09:49 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc11 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:20:33 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc12 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:20:33 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc13 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:20:33 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc14 appears to contain an ext2fs file system size=312896K mtime=Sun Feb 24 00:09:49 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc14 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:20:33 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc15 appears to contain an ext2fs file system size=312960K mtime=Sun Feb 24 00:09:49 2013mdadm: /dev/sdc15 appears to be part of a raid array: level=raid5 devices=4 ctime=Sun Feb 24 00:07:59 2013mdadm: largest drive (/dev/sdc15) exceed size (104320K) by more than 1%Continue creating array? ymdadm: array /dev/md5 started.結果查看[rootlinux dev] mdadm detail /dev/md5/dev/md5: Version : Creation Time : Sun Feb 24 00:21:02 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 312960 ( MiB MB) Used Dev Size : 104320 ( MiB MB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 5Preferred Minor : 5 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sun Feb 24 00:21:02 2013 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3Working Devices : 5 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 2 Layout : leftsymmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 2% plete UUID : 79461d1a:60a2139e:2b56405e:9c34dc4b Events : Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 43 0 active sync /dev/sdc11 1 8 44 1 active sync /dev/sdc12 2 8 45 2 active sync /dev/sdc13 5 8 46 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sdc14 4 8 47 spare /dev/sdc15構建之后的結果[rootlinux dev] mdadm detail /dev/md5/dev/md5: Version : Creation Time : Sun Feb 24 00:21:02 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 312960 ( MiB MB) Used Dev Size : 104320 ( MiB MB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 5Preferred Minor : 5 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sun Feb 24 00:21:59 2013 State : clean Active Devices : 4Working Devices : 5 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : leftsymmetric Chunk Size : 64K UUID : 79461d1a:60a2139e:2b56405e:9c34dc4b Events : Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 43 0 active sync /dev/sdc11 1 8 44 1 active sync /dev/sdc12 2 8 45 2 active sync /dev/sdc13 3 8 46 3 active sync /dev/sdc14 4 8 47 spare /dev/sdc15增加設備[rootlinux dev] mdadm grow n 5 /dev/md5mdadm: Need to backup 768K of critical section..mdadm: ... critical section passed.[rootlinux dev] mdadm detail /dev/md5/dev/md5: Version : Creation Time : Sun Feb 24 00:21:02 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 312960 ( MiB MB) Used Dev Size : 104320 ( MiB MB) Raid Devices : 5 Total Devices : 5Preferred Minor : 5 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sun Feb 24 00:23:24 2013 State : clean, recovering Active Devices : 5Working Devices : 5 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : leftsymmetric Chunk Size : 64K Reshape Status : 10% plete Delta Devices : 1, (45) UUID : 79461d1a:60a2139e:2b56405e:9c34dc4b Events : Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 43 0 active sync /dev/sdc11 1 8 44 1 active sync /dev/sdc12 2 8 45 2 active sync /dev/sdc13 3 8 46 3 active sync /dev/sdc14 4 8 47 4 active sync /dev/sdc15Mkfs操作交換空間:用來彌補內存空間不夠的一種機制；使機器正常運行多個應用程序的一種變通方法。 文件數量限制：限制用戶能夠使用的索引節(jié)點數（inode）配額的設置參數類別硬性限制值（hard）：最終限制。Vnat1 表示主機模式，就是虛擬機和外面的實際物理機器通過vnat1這個虛擬交換機形成一個封閉的虛擬物