【正文】
們根據(jù)實證文獻認為股票期權(quán)的比例和公司當前經(jīng)營業(yè)績負相關(guān)。在我們的樣本中,股 票期權(quán)占了 CEO 報酬總額的大部分。為了研究授予 CEO期權(quán)是否和公司當前的業(yè)績 相關(guān),我們根據(jù)股票期權(quán)的比例將觀測值分為三組,我們首先根據(jù) SOPROP 按行業(yè)和年份對公司進行排序 。該數(shù)據(jù)包含了最高五位 CEO 的報酬。我們從原始數(shù)據(jù)中剔除了金融機構(gòu)( 1852 個觀測值)和沒有給 CEO 股權(quán)激勵的( 3442 個觀察值)以及 CEO 的報酬低于 1百萬( 1757 個觀察值)的公司。為了研究股票期權(quán)和當前非正常的應(yīng)計項目,我們需要估算隨意的應(yīng)計項目。對于股票期權(quán)所占比例較低的組,股票期權(quán)的平均比例是 22%,現(xiàn)金的比例是 53%。平均來說,有較高期權(quán)比例的公司與上年和過去的三年比有更高的回報率,其證券市場的波動率也更大 。 一組包括 SOPROPt值 最低的三分之一的公司(低),第二組 包括SOPROPt值居 中間三分之一 的公司 (中等),第三組包括 SOPROPt值 最高的 三分之一公司(高) 。股票期權(quán)的比例排在中間的公司,如列 B所示,它對當時公司的業(yè)績產(chǎn)生負的但不顯著的影響。股票期權(quán)比例低的企業(yè), 我們觀察到 同期的 經(jīng)營業(yè)績 與 股票期權(quán)的比例呈 正相關(guān)。 總得來說,本研究認為對 CEO 授予過度的股權(quán)激勵具有負面影響。 and TC is the total pensation paid to the CEO in the year. In order to examine whether the granting of CEO stock options is associated with a firm’ scurrent operating performance, we classify firmyear observations into three groupsbased on the proportion of stock options. We first rank firms based on their SOPROPby year and by industry. The first group prises the bottom one third of firms (low),the second group the middle one third (medium) and the third group includes firms withtop one third (high) proportion of stock options. Empirical Model To examine the association between current performance and stock options, we regressthe proportion of stock options on firmspecific performance as well as control variablesidentified in prior studies as determinants of stock option grants. As in Core, Holthausen and Larcker (1999), we use the accounting return on assets (ROA) as the proxy for firm performance. Specifically, we examine the following relation: SOPROPit = β0 + β1 ROAit + β2 FINANCIAL_COSTit + β3 VARIABILITYit1 +β4 CHG_SALEit1 + β5 SIZEit1 + β6 GROWTHit1 + β7 LEVERAGEit1 + β8 RETURN_1it + β9 RETURN_3it + eit [2] SOPROP it = the proportion of the CEO’ s total pensation of firm i that is posed on stock options in year t as defined by equation [1]. The stock options are valued using the Black amp。 VARIABILITYit1 = variability of firm i’ s stock return for the period of 60 months prior to year t。 LEVERAGEit1 = financial leverage (liabilities over equity) of firm i at the beginning of peri