【正文】 to forecast st than lt flows weaknesses:1does not account for tvm2does not consider cash flows beyondthe pbp3cutoff period is subjectivestrengths:1accounts for tvm2considers all cash flows3 less subjectivity1 assumes all cash flows reinvested atthe irr2difficulties with project rankings andmultiple irrs strengths:1cash flows assumed to be reinvested at the hurdle rate.2accounts for tvm.3considers all cash flows.weaknesses:may not include managerial options embeddedin the projectstrengths:1same as npv2allows parison of different scale projects weaknesses: 1same as npv2provides only relative profitability 3potential ranking problems風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與報(bào)酬：risk: the variability of returns from those that are expected.systematic risk is the variability of return on stocks or portfolios associated with changes in return on the market as a whole.risk factors that affect a large number of assets,also known as nondiversifiable risk or market risk,includes such things as changes in gdp, inflation, interest rates, etc.unsystematic risk is the variability of return on stocks or portfolios not explained by general market is avoidable through diversification.risk factors that affect a limited number of assets,also known as unique risk and assetspecific risk,includes such things as labor strikes, part shortages, etc. return:ine received on an investment plus any change in market price, usually expressed as a percent of the beginning market price of the investment.1there is a reward for bearing risk2the greater the potential reward, the greater the risk3this is called the riskreturn tradeoff.there is a reward for bearing risk。根據(jù)工作需要，及時(shí)調(diào)整充實(shí)雙擁共建工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)，明確職責(zé)，按照工作安排，按部就班地開展工作，通過形式活潑、富有成效的活動(dòng)，進(jìn)一步打牢雙擁工作基礎(chǔ)。要切實(shí)跟上對(duì)新兵質(zhì)量要求更高的新形勢(shì)，把征兵工作的著重點(diǎn)放到保證新兵質(zhì)量上來，努力推薦優(yōu)秀的青年讓軍隊(duì)挑選，為軍隊(duì)的革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)做出應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)。三、豐富活動(dòng)形式，做好擁軍優(yōu)屬工作擁軍優(yōu)屬是我委的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，也是官大干部職工向解放軍學(xué)習(xí)的好形式。XX年我委雙擁共建單位調(diào)整為縣人武部，我們將一如既往的為部隊(duì)做實(shí)事做好事，支持部隊(duì)建設(shè)和國防現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)。一年來我委在開展雙擁工作中作出了一些成績，有力地促進(jìn)了我委雙擁工作的順利開展。同時(shí)將在雙擁工作中發(fā)現(xiàn)的先進(jìn)典型總結(jié)推廣，提高雙擁工作水平。在搞好普遍宣傳教育的同時(shí)，我們還針對(duì)少數(shù)青年怕當(dāng)兵減少收入、怕影響家庭致富、怕部隊(duì)生活艱苦等思想實(shí)際，采取家訪、談心、座談、對(duì)話等多種形式，做好深入細(xì)致的思想工作，促使青年積極應(yīng)征、報(bào)效祖國。二、加大力度，做好征兵宣傳教育工作抓好征兵工作，對(duì)加強(qiáng)國防建設(shè)和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，無疑有重要作用，同時(shí)對(duì)于加強(qiáng)軍民關(guān)系，培育軍地兩用人才，增強(qiáng)中華民族的同心力、凝聚力具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，并且對(duì)于激發(fā)廣大干部職工投身改革，全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的愛國主義熱情和革命英雄主義精神，也將產(chǎn)生深刻影響。the expected return on a risky asset depends only on that asset’s systematic risk since unsystematic risk can be diversified away risk premiums（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)溢價(jià)）the “extra” return earned for taking on risk treasury bills are considered to be riskfree the risk premium is the return over and above the riskfree ratestandard deviation（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差）, is a statistical measure of the variability of a distribution around its mean.coefficient of variation（變化系數(shù)）the ratio of the standard deviation of a distribution to the mean of that distribution. systematic riskrisk factors that affect a large number of assetsalso known as nondiversifiable risk or market riskincludes such things as changes in gdp, inflation, interest rates, etc. unsystematic riskrisk factors that affect a limited number of assetsalso known as unique risk and assetspecific riskincludes such things as labor strikes, part shortages, etc.systematic risk principlethere is a reward for bearing riskthere is not a reward for bearing risk unnecessarilythe expected return on a risky asset depends only on that asset’s systematic risk since unsystematic risk can be diversified away total risktotal risk systematic risk + unsystematic riskthe standard deviation of returns is a measure of total riskfor well diversified portfolios, unsystematic risk is very smallconsequently, the total risk for a diversified portfolio is essentially equivalent to the systematic riskreturnstotal return expected return + unexpected returnunexpected return systematic portion + unsystematic portiontherefore, total return can be expressed as follows:total return expected return + systematic portion + unsystematic portionexpected versus unexpected returnsrealized returns are generally not equal to expected returnsthere is the expected ponent and the unexpected ponentat any point in time, the unexpected return can be either positive or negativeo(好)ver time, the average of the unexpected ponent is zero portfolios(組合）a portfolio is a collection of assetsan asset’s risk and return is important in how it affects the risk and return of the portfolio the riskreturn tradeoff for a portfolio is measured by the portfolio expected return and standard deviation, just as with individual assetscapm assumptions1. capital markets are efficient.2. homogeneous investor expectationsover a given period.3. riskfree asset return is certain(useshort to intermediatetermtreasuries as a proxy).4. market portfolio contains onlysystematic risk (use samp。disadvantages：unlimited liability for the general partner，difficult to raise additional capital, but easier than sole proprietorship，transfer of ownership difficulties corporations advantages：limited liability，easy transfer of ownership，unlimited life，easier to raise large quantities of capitaldisadvantages：double taxation，more difficult to establish ，more expensive to set up and maintain。z在會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)中,z在進(jìn)行破產(chǎn)清算的會(huì)計(jì)核算時(shí)，清算損益科目核算的內(nèi)容包括a被清算企業(yè)在清算期間處置資產(chǎn)發(fā)生的損益b被清算企業(yè)在清算期間確認(rèn)債務(wù)發(fā)生的損益d結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)的清算費(fèi)用、土地轉(zhuǎn)讓收益賬戶的余額e結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)的有關(guān)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債賬戶的余額z在首期存在期末固定資產(chǎn)原價(jià)中包含未實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)部銷售利潤，以及首期對(duì)未實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)部銷售利潤計(jì)提折舊和內(nèi)部交易固定資產(chǎn)計(jì)提