【正文】 ngaged in specialized production of valueadded aspects of “internal” andw specifically the establishment of largescale processing and distribution center for agricultural products for cleaning, sorting, indepth processing, packaging and distribution and other valueadded services, through the implementation of HACCP in a large processing center and GMP certification process quality and health and safety, to ensure the quality of food and agricultural link is above three does not have the food supply chain, which is large supermarkets and chain stores to respond quickly to market demands upstream suppliers to enhance the strength and advantages of the processing center part of the function, such as cleaning, sorting and depth of processing and other sectors Youxiang supplier back, making the processing center focused on the processing of agricultural products and expanding the number and type of , this food supply chain is a prehensive, multispecies, multifrequency highvolume and mix of supply chain food supply chain are more concerned about customer satisfaction, through the processing centers to respond quickly to market demand, and realtime on agricultural products and foodstuffs “tailored” and depth of processing, in order to achieve different from the lean agile logistics logistics supply chain tracking and food quality and safety In recent years, the focus of the food supply chain collaboration to ensure delivery of quality from the gradual move to reinforce the quality and safety of food and agricultural products, such as BSE, foot and mouth disease and the emergence of genetically modified products and food quality and safety of track without food supply chain management, so based on quality and safety of the food supply chain to track the food supply chain management has bee important and by the United States and other fresh produce, meat products，w cereals and oilseed rape, and survey findings, three by the food supply chain tracking, food quality and safety in that there are great analysis of these differences, they also found that three agricultural products mon food supply chain management, that there are three driving is also the corporate implementation of the food supply chain management requires analysis examines the question: 1．will help differentiate the marketing of food and agricultural products to improve food and agricultural those small or can not be directly found in food quality and sa。s agriculture industry in less developed regions, due to lack of upstream farmers to connect one end, other end of the link sales market, specializing in the processing of agricultural products among leading enterprises and the corresponding part of agricultural production often out of line with market , Tmiddle part of the food supply chain as a low level of absence and logistics operation, prone to upstream farmers and downstream production of agricultural products sold blindly difficult ．symmetric food supply the emergence of new sales formats, distribution channels are increasingly largescale professional marketw and supermarket monopoly, the traditional sales of agricultural products and food forms have been replaced by supermarkets, and this trend is more and more obvious, and because of its technological level of agricultural products production also tends to intensive management by a few Ahe by the Royal Thai supermarket fresh food supply chain management survey found that 50% of Bangkok39。the third stage of supply chain integration management phase, the study extends further upstream to the most upstream agricultural enterprises(such as seed suppliers, etc.), the purpose is to extend the tracking and tracing of food quality and safety ofw agricultural products issues in order to quickly and effectively identify and solve article describes the production of different food supply chain logistics system characteristics, and the food supply chain management with the development of food quality and safety are analyzed and causes of supply chain management In recent years, the food supply chain, production and development of people39。w Discussion on food supply chain management and food quality and safetySince the 1990s, supply chain management has bee the academic and business circles hot topic, especially in supply chain management successfully applied to IBM, P amp。Van Weele根據(jù)市場對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品信息的需求，確定食品供應鏈信息跟蹤的寬度、深度和精度。對于企業(yè)來說，管理生產(chǎn)物流和跟蹤相關零售信息(如條形碼)，能幫助企業(yè)了解其食品供應鏈的物流流出狀況，以便對供應鏈上游物流的流入進行有效管理。目前，歐盟已經(jīng)采用EAN/UCC系統(tǒng)，成功地開展了對牛肉、蔬菜等食品追蹤的研究?；谑称饭湹母櫮軒椭髽I(yè)縮短確認和清理有問題食品的時w 間，為此，國外許多企業(yè)將相關標識信息揭示在食品包裝上，以便利消費者的識別和認定。因此，對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品的安全質(zhì)量和品質(zhì)進行細分，是差別化營銷的必要前提。通過那些細小的或不能直接發(fā)現(xiàn)的食品質(zhì)量安全的特性，可區(qū)別不同類型的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品質(zhì)量安全的跟蹤離不開食品供應鏈管理，因此基于質(zhì)量安全的食品供應鏈跟蹤成了食品供應鏈管理的重點和難點。隨著上游供應商實力和優(yōu)勢的增強，加工中心的部分功能，如清洗、分類和深度加工等環(huán)節(jié)又向供應商回流，使得加工中心的重點放在處理和不斷擴大的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品數(shù)量和種類業(yè)務上。據(jù)有關統(tǒng)計表明，美國2002未加工和加工蔬菜的比例為15%和85%；水果為30%和70%。隨著上游農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應商數(shù)目的銳減和超市連鎖店的不斷擴張，這種食品供應鏈的上游供應商與下游超市連鎖店的數(shù)目呈現(xiàn)對稱增長之態(tài)勢。隨著新興銷售業(yè)態(tài)的出現(xiàn),銷售渠道日益被大型專業(yè)市場和超市所壟斷,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品的傳統(tǒng)銷售形式也被超市所取代,而且這種趨勢越來越明顯,同時由于技術水平的提高,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)也趨向于由少數(shù)種植商集約經(jīng)營。與啞鈴型食品供應鏈相比,它的鏈條較長,食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的銷售表現(xiàn)為間接性和增值服務性。這種類型的食品供應鏈一般適用于食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)地和銷售地相距較遠，消費需求差異較大的情況。它的特點是供應鏈較短,連接位于兩端的交易主體很多,而中間鏈節(jié)少且交易主體也較少，呈現(xiàn)為啞鈴型。二．食品供應鏈生產(chǎn)物流系統(tǒng)食品供應鏈的形成是與其物流系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)容不斷變化密切相關的,特別是在食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)物流系統(tǒng)不斷演變的情況下,為人們創(chuàng)建高效率的食品供應鏈管理范式提供了基礎。因此，企業(yè)有必要在生產(chǎn)過程的各個環(huán)節(jié)對產(chǎn)品進行檢驗和檢測并及時向消費者披露這些信息。(2)消費者對食品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量要求也越來越高，迫使食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)實行食品供應鏈管理，以保證穩(wěn)定的上游原料供應和下游的銷售渠道暢通。對食品供應鏈管理的研究大致經(jīng)歷了三個階段：第一階段為商流管理階段，研究范圍包括農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品加工企業(yè)的產(chǎn)出到消費者消費前的商流階段，其研究內(nèi)容通常被包含在營銷范疇內(nèi)；第二階段為集成物流管理階段，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的物流管理從市場營銷中分離出來，且向上游擴展到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)加工過程，強調(diào)生產(chǎn)應以市場需求為導向和對整個物流環(huán)節(jié)的成本控制；第三階段為供應鏈一體化管理階段，研究范圍進一步向上游延伸到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的最上游企業(yè)(如種子供應商等)，延伸的目的是為了跟蹤和追溯農(nóng)產(chǎn)品食品質(zhì)量安全問題，以便快速和有效地發(fā)現(xiàn)并解決問題。第三篇：食品安全外文文獻翻譯(適用于畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯+中英文對照)w 論食品供應鏈管理和食品質(zhì)量安全上世紀90年代以來,供應鏈管理已成為學術界和實業(yè)界關注的熱門話題,特別是供應鏈管理成功地應用于IBM、Pamp。在減少輸入方面，減少材料的使用是最常見的應用特點；在管理輸出方面，減少和處置危險廢物是最常見的；在生命周期設計中，常見的是堅固耐用、本地材料。4結(jié)論雖然室內(nèi)設計師承認環(huán)境可持續(xù)設計的重要性，但它在室內(nèi)設計工程中的應用并沒有達到它重要性認知的同等水平。這項調(diào)查研究被設計成環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟研究可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設計的統(tǒng)一體。此次研究將會成為激勵室內(nèi)設計從業(yè)者去進行環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設計實踐的決定因素。但是，如果顧客不要求或不熟悉這樣的方法，結(jié)果將會不同，顧客將會被鼓勵使用環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)設計解決方案。3討論室內(nèi)設計師認為環(huán)境可持續(xù)室內(nèi)