【正文】 estial Railroad pointed out that technological progress enriched people39。 his works are filled with “Calvinism of human nature and the notion of ?original sin?”. (Brown,1940: ) Hawthorne was conservative to the development of production and technological progress, had a resistance, suspicious attitude to social reform, and cannot understand the vigorously developed abolitionist movement. These are reflected in his works. And he did well in psychological description in art, and good at revealing the inner conflicts of the characters, his novel is called the “psychological romance”. (Chopin, 1989: ) He dug meaning dedicatedly hidden behind things, and his works are imaginative and structured. Hawthorne39。 On the other hand he was restrained by the tradition, cognized the world and society with Calvinism concept of good and evil. Writer, Herman Melville has pointed out。s Veil expose everyone some secret sin, to express the human nature is evil and people are lonely. Other novels such as The Mr. Rappport Doctor39。 Other stories narrate the New England colonies fight against the England, but often with a strong religious atmosphere and mysterious color. The background of The Scarlet Letter As the best work of Nathaniel Hawthorne?s creation, The Scarlet Letter 3 reflected his thought view, religion view and his view on the society ruled by the Puritanism. The novel took colonial America as its subject in the 17th century, but it disclosed the brutal law, spurious religion and hypocritical moral in the development era of the United States of America in the 19th century capitalism society. The summary of the plot The story tells in the 17th century, a group of puritans in England were persecuted, then escaped to Boston holding lofty ideal of creating fairyland and made a home down there. But they focused on ration, rejected emotion, forbid desire even to the extreme. The heroine Hester Prynne was of great wisdom and fortitude. She did not accept the rigid rule that clansmen made, but searched for real love wholeheartedly. Although she was pelled against her will to marry Doctor Killingworth for his wife, she couldn?t feel love and had affection with the priest Dimondale and gave birth to her daughter, Pearl. After the secret was discovered by the village, she was not afraid of the revilement and contempt. She would rather be caught and scorned on the trial stage, always wearing a sign of the adultery capital letter “A” than confessed who was the child?s father. She contended against the society with her firmness and persistence, finally won people?s respect and ratification. 3 Feminism The background and development of feminism Feminism is the social theory and political movement mainly taking female experience as source and motivation. Feminism cannot be irrelevant to feminist movement, while feminist movement is related with the women?s liberation movement. In western history, the women?s liberation can be divided into three stages. The first stage was about the late 19thcentury. It is the first climax of the women?s liberation movement. The focus of it is the gender equality, including the length of 4 women and men?s life is equal. At that time, civic rights and political rights were required, aristocratic privilege was opposed. It emphasized that there?s no difference in the capability and intelligence between women and men. The most important target is to strive for the equivalence of household labor and social labor, and the equivalence of political rights. The second stage: generally speaking, it started in the 1960s1970s and lasted until to 1980s. It is universally thought that this movement was also originated from America. In this movement, the fundamental key is to stress the nature of intersexual division of labor and erase the phenomena of same work with different pay between women and men. It demanded neglecting the basal view that women were affiliated to men, which people regarded as the reason in the bisexual social relationship. In this stage, feminism es into unique feminism theory, there are three divisions: the first is socialism Feminism, the representative personage is the England Juliet Mitchell. The second branch is liberalism Feminism, the representative personage is the England Mir and American Fu Radian. The third one is radicalism Feminism, the representative personage is the American Kate Millett. Here, the branch should be stressed, strictly speaking, it does not belong to unified school of thought, it is the concentrated reflection of the previous two extreme ideas. The branch scrambles family private exploit in the social feminism as “sexual exploitation” (Douglas, 1977: ) and family constraint in the liberal feminism as “sexual constraint”. Women are made to be antagonistic to men totally. The third stage is the postmodernism. In the face of the serious consequences caused by the “sexual liberation movement” (Doglas,1977:): the powerful query from conservationism feminism to women liberation movement, the rise of divorce rate, the overflow of Aids and so on, feminists begin to introspect. Especially in the case of eliminating the binary opposition between women and men, the “tender feminism” and “green feminism” (Douglas, 1977: ) e into being. On one hand, they affirm the achievements of the feminist movement to protect women?s social rights and interests. On the other hand, they call in question the feminists trying to overturn the traditional family model. The postmodern feminism is still in growth 5 stag, have two main divisions. One is originbased theory and another is constitution theory. The former theory inherited the traditional feminist binary boundaries between women and men, trying to eliminate the gender in equality on the basis of acknowledging the difference between