【正文】 manager as an honest 。重難點(diǎn) 后邊不能直接跟that從句的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午兩點(diǎn)左右，有人通知說會(huì)議要推遲了。分析句意可知，空格處引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說明promise的內(nèi)容，并且此從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般都不省略。The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the 。s because he is 。She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long 。特別提醒a(bǔ)s if/as though意為“好像，仿佛”，其引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常位于系動(dòng)詞(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。考查表語(yǔ)從句。特別提醒if不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句；that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句一般不省略。ll go there once a 。此外，表語(yǔ)從句還可用because和as if/as though等連接詞引導(dǎo)。賓語(yǔ)從句表示是否，動(dòng)詞后可用if或whether, that無(wú)意義，故把that改為if/whether。應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，且how在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)?！涀∧?點(diǎn)前必須回家。故把what改為how。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合句意“他們所穿的衣服”應(yīng)使用連詞what引導(dǎo)這一賓語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作wear的賓語(yǔ)，指代人穿的衣服。where是副詞，不作主語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，doing后為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用what。what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作imagine的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作介詞like的賓語(yǔ)。此處asking 后為賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)填how。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，且whoever在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于anyone who。從句結(jié)構(gòu)和句意完整，故用that。] 4．We must find out________Karl is ing, so we can book a room for when [句意：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時(shí)候來(lái)，以便我們給他訂房間。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義、功能上的差別。典例2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most [答案] what→how 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和形容詞thick可知應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示程度。t hope/guess so.”，正確的表達(dá)應(yīng)為“I hope/guess not.”。I don39。t_think I can remember the 100 words within two 。t believe ，人們告訴我月亮自身不會(huì)發(fā)光，我不相信。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday 。重難點(diǎn) 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)(1)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。(2)sure后賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that, whether, if的選擇。m very pleased that all of your family will 。The high ine tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn ，因?yàn)樗赡苁谷瞬辉敢舛噘嶅X。典例3 When she was awake, she found that she was standing on________seemed to be a piece of stone.[答案] what 句意：當(dāng)她醒來(lái)時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己好像正站在一塊石頭上。介詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(1)一般情況下介詞后只能接wh173。I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of 。一些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后置。t know what is the matter with the 。That our team will win, I 。I know nothing about him except that he is from the ，我對(duì)他一無(wú)所知。典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the ment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺得自己本來(lái)可以用不同的方式來(lái)表達(dá)的。He didn39。賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類：動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句、介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句、形容詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。故把that改為why。which指某一范圍中的哪個(gè)或哪些。that matters is how many times you stand up and try 答案 that→what [句意：你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來(lái)并再次嘗試。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個(gè)人”。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father39。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed mittee39。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading What [句意：重要的不是你讀了多少書，而是你讀完書后學(xué)到了多少。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will whether [句意：正如女發(fā)言人所說的那樣，我們是否應(yīng)該針對(duì)他們采取行動(dòng)取決于他們將會(huì)怎么做。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn39。What在此處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。此處“________has happened before or is happening now”是主語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填what/whatever。由句意可知，后一分句是來(lái)補(bǔ)充說明前一分句中的不確定的內(nèi)容的，根據(jù)“around 1565”可知是對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，因此用when引導(dǎo)前面的主語(yǔ)從句。(2)在語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空中，考查名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞是不給提示詞的，考生要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出主語(yǔ)部分，分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分和表達(dá)的意義。典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won39。由于引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，故用that。It是形式主語(yǔ)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，從句后半部分的連詞or提示本題為whether...or...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是……還是……”。常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有： seem看上去appear顯得happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out結(jié)果是It_happened_that a lion was hiding 。(3)It＋be＋過去分詞＋主語(yǔ)從句。此句中it是形式主語(yǔ)，代替后面的真正的主語(yǔ)從句，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)填能夠引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，由于從句中及物動(dòng)詞do后缺少賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)使用連接代詞what。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a 。What we need are useful 。What he wants to tell us is not 。特別提醒if一般(不在句首)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。連接主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞。主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞在句中起主語(yǔ)作用的從句稱為主語(yǔ)從句。Whether you can succeed depends on 。who誰(shuí)，whom誰(shuí)(賓格)，whose誰(shuí)的，what什么，which哪一個(gè)，whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)，whomever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)(賓格)，whosever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)的，whatever無(wú)論是什么，whichever無(wú)論是哪一個(gè)。What we need is 。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been 。典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：總統(tǒng)可以采取什么措施來(lái)結(jié)束罷工一點(diǎn)兒都不清楚。It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work 。(4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)＋主語(yǔ)從句。t matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口無(wú)論你向左轉(zhuǎn)還是右轉(zhuǎn)都沒關(guān)系——兩條路都通往公園?？疾槊~性從句，it為形式主語(yǔ)，后面的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________we understand things 在句中作主語(yǔ)，是主語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用連接副詞how?！窘忸}法】(1)掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義和功能上的差別。A．單句填空1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around when [句意：馬鈴薯具體是在什么時(shí)候被引入歐洲的并不確定，但有可能是在1565年左右。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the what/whatever [句意：一些人認(rèn)為，不管是以前發(fā)生的還是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情都會(huì)在將來(lái)重現(xiàn)。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the What [句意：使這本書非同尋常的是這位作家創(chuàng)造性的想象力。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用Whether。It occurs to “某人突然想起……”。答語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用What, That引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作成分。s policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意可判斷，此處表示“是否”，故改為whether, that無(wú)意義。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你們中任何一個(gè)人打破窗戶都必須賠償。t matter how many times you fail。]6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主語(yǔ)從句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該主語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)且表示事物，故用what。此處需要連接副詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，why表示“為什么……”。]考點(diǎn)二 賓語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)在句中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句稱為賓語(yǔ)從句(Object Clause)。I wonder what I can do for 。t know whom you should depend 。特別提醒that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常被省去，但下列情況下不能省略：①當(dāng)that從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；②動(dòng)詞后跟有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)that可以省略，引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)和以后幾個(gè)從句的that不可省略；③賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)；④that引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時(shí)。We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with ，我們希望他和我們待在家里。I don39。(2)用it作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句。(3)動(dòng)詞hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡”，“厭惡”的動(dòng)詞以及一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作rely on的賓語(yǔ)，what在從句中作says的賓語(yǔ)。ll