【正文】 第一篇：高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)1名詞性從句教學(xué)案專題11 名詞性從句考綱展示 命題探究考點(diǎn)一 主語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通過(guò)放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞在句中起主語(yǔ)作用的從句稱為主語(yǔ)從句。連接主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞。(1)從屬連詞從屬連詞主要有兩個(gè)that, whether；從屬連詞在從句中不作任何成分。That he will e to the conference has excited every one of 。Whether you can succeed depends on 。特別提醒if一般(不在句首)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句不能省略。(2)連接代詞連接代詞在從句中起名詞的作用，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等，一般表示疑問。who誰(shuí)，whom誰(shuí)(賓格)，whose誰(shuí)的，what什么，which哪一個(gè)，whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)，whomever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)(賓格)，whosever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)的，whatever無(wú)論是什么，whichever無(wú)論是哪一個(gè)。What he wants to tell us is not 。Whichever of you gets here first will get the 。特別提醒主語(yǔ)為從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要用單數(shù)形式；但如果what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ)、代表復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。What we need is 。What we need are useful 。(3)連接副詞連接副詞在從句中起副詞的作用，作狀語(yǔ)，一般表示疑問，但有時(shí)不表示疑問。when什么時(shí)候，where在哪里，why為什么，how如何，whenever無(wú)論是什么時(shí)候，wherever無(wú)論在哪里，however無(wú)論如何。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been 。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a 。重難點(diǎn)it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句(1)It＋be＋adj.＋主語(yǔ)從句。： necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的 important重要的 possible可能的 right正確的 wrong錯(cuò)誤的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的 certain肯定的 obvious明顯的It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to ，整個(gè)項(xiàng)目就要失敗。典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：總統(tǒng)可以采取什么措施來(lái)結(jié)束罷工一點(diǎn)兒都不清楚。此句中it是形式主語(yǔ)，代替后面的真正的主語(yǔ)從句，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)填能夠引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，由于從句中及物動(dòng)詞do后缺少賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)使用連接代詞what。(2)It＋be＋名詞/名詞詞組＋主語(yǔ)從句。常用于該句型的名詞或名詞詞組有： shame遺憾pity可惜hope希望 no wonder難怪 good news好消息It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important 。It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work 。(3)It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋主語(yǔ)從句。常用于該句型的過(guò)去分詞有：said據(jù)說(shuō)believed被相信reported據(jù)報(bào)道 thought被認(rèn)為 known所知It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next 。It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next 。(4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)＋主語(yǔ)從句。常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有： seem看上去appear顯得happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out結(jié)果是It_happened_that a lion was hiding 。Does it_matter_that I won39。t attend the meeting tomorrow? 明天我不去參加會(huì)議要緊嗎？典例2 It doesn39。t matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口無(wú)論你向左轉(zhuǎn)還是右轉(zhuǎn)都沒關(guān)系——兩條路都通往公園。It是形式主語(yǔ)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，從句后半部分的連詞or提示本題為whether...or...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是……還是……”。典例3 It39。s no longer a question now ________man can land on the moon.[答案] that 句意：現(xiàn)在人類登上月球不再是問題?？疾槊~性從句，it為形式主語(yǔ)，后面的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。由于引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，故用that。[考法綜述] 了解名詞性從句的基本用法，掌握各引導(dǎo)詞的用法，辨析that與what，掌握it作形式主語(yǔ)的常見結(jié)構(gòu)。命題法 考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞典例1 ________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.[答案] How 句意：我們?nèi)绾卫斫馐挛锱c我們的感受有很大關(guān)系。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________we understand things 在句中作主語(yǔ)，是主語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用連接副詞how。典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won39。t accept [答案] What→Where 依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指有些人對(duì)大詩(shī)人李白的出生地存在質(zhì)疑，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，What Li Bai，...was born在句中作主語(yǔ)且其中只缺狀語(yǔ)，因此改為Where，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句要在從句中作主、賓或表語(yǔ)。【解題法】(1)掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義和功能上的差別。(2)在語(yǔ)篇型語(yǔ)法填空中，考查名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞是不給提示詞的，考生要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出主語(yǔ)部分，分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分和表達(dá)的意義。(3)在短文改錯(cuò)中，考查引導(dǎo)詞的錯(cuò)用，掌握相似引導(dǎo)詞的差別，如what和that等。從引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分和意義入手。A．單句填空1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around when [句意：馬鈴薯具體是在什么時(shí)候被引入歐洲的并不確定，但有可能是在1565年左右。由句意可知，后一分句是來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前一分句中的不確定的內(nèi)容的，根據(jù)“around 1565”可知是對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，因此用when引導(dǎo)前面的主語(yǔ)從句。] 2．I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he what [句意：我認(rèn)為他的畫給我印象最深的是他對(duì)色彩的運(yùn)用。what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“……的”。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the what/whatever [句意：一些人認(rèn)為，不管是以前發(fā)生的還是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情都會(huì)在將來(lái)重現(xiàn)。此處“________has happened before or is happening now”是主語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填what/whatever。] 4．________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the When [句意：延誤的飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛很大程度上取決于天氣狀況。根據(jù)句意填連接副詞When。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the What [句意：使這本書非同尋常的是這位作家創(chuàng)造性的想象力。What在此處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。] 6．________you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your Whether [句意：你與同學(xué)相處得是否融洽會(huì)影響你的情緒。此處為主語(yǔ)從句，if表示“是否”且于句首時(shí)不引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用Whether。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn39。t locked my that [句意：我突然想起我沒鎖門。it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。It occurs to “某人突然想起……”。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will whether [句意：正如女發(fā)言人所說(shuō)的那樣，我們是否應(yīng)該針對(duì)他們采取行動(dòng)取決于他們將會(huì)怎么做。本空需要用連接詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引導(dǎo)。] 9．—What made her so happy? —________her son passed the college entrance That [句意：——是什么使她這么快樂？——她兒子通過(guò)高考了。答語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading What [句意：重要的不是你讀了多少書，而是你讀完書后學(xué)到了多少。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，is前面是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用What。] B．單句改錯(cuò)1．That you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the 答案 That→What [句意：你在會(huì)上所說(shuō)的話描述了公司的光明前途。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用What, That引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作成分。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed mittee39。s policy can be put into 答案 that→whether [句意：這個(gè)新成立的委員會(huì)的政策能否實(shí)施還有待觀察。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，It 作形式主語(yǔ)，而真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的從句“that the newly formed mittee39。s policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意可判斷，此處表示“是否”，故改為whether, that無(wú)意義。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father39。s deep love for his 答案 It→What [句意：這部電影最打動(dòng)我的是父親對(duì)他兒子深深的愛?！癐t struck me most in the movie”為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引導(dǎo)從句。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你們中任何一個(gè)人打破窗戶都必須賠償。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個(gè)人”。which指哪一個(gè)，表達(dá)疑問，故改為whichever。] 5．It doesn39。t matter how many times you fail。that matters is how many times you stand up and try 答案 that→what [句意：你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來(lái)并再次嘗試。分析句子成分可知，“that matters”是主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指物，故用what引導(dǎo)。that不作成分。]6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主語(yǔ)從句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該主語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)且表示事物，故用what。which指某一范圍中的哪個(gè)或哪些。] 7．It was never clear that the man hadn39。t reported the accident 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚這個(gè)人為什么不早一點(diǎn)報(bào)告那起事故。此處需要連接副詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，why表示“為什么……”。故把that改為why。] 8．—The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.—It never occurred to me what you c