【正文】 第一篇：高考英語一輪復習1名詞性從句教學案專題11 名詞性從句考綱展示 命題探究考點一 主語從句基礎(chǔ)點主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通過放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。主語從句的連接詞在句中起主語作用的從句稱為主語從句。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞、連接代詞和連接副詞。(1)從屬連詞從屬連詞主要有兩個that, whether；從屬連詞在從句中不作任何成分。That he will e to the conference has excited every one of 。Whether you can succeed depends on 。特別提醒if一般(不在句首)引導主語從句。that引導主語從句不能省略。(2)連接代詞連接代詞在從句中起名詞的作用，作主語、賓語、表語、定語等，一般表示疑問。who誰，whom誰(賓格)，whose誰的，what什么，which哪一個，whoever無論是誰，whomever無論是誰(賓格)，whosever無論是誰的，whatever無論是什么，whichever無論是哪一個。What he wants to tell us is not 。Whichever of you gets here first will get the 。特別提醒主語為從句時，謂語動詞一般要用單數(shù)形式；但如果what引導的從句作主語、代表復數(shù)概念時，謂語動詞則常用復數(shù)形式。What we need is 。What we need are useful 。(3)連接副詞連接副詞在從句中起副詞的作用，作狀語，一般表示疑問，但有時不表示疑問。when什么時候，where在哪里，why為什么，how如何，whenever無論是什么時候，wherever無論在哪里，however無論如何。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been 。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a 。重難點it作形式主語的主語從句(1)It＋be＋adj.＋主語從句。： necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的 important重要的 possible可能的 right正確的 wrong錯誤的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的 certain肯定的 obvious明顯的It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to ，整個項目就要失敗。典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：總統(tǒng)可以采取什么措施來結(jié)束罷工一點兒都不清楚。此句中it是形式主語，代替后面的真正的主語從句，故設(shè)空處應填能夠引導主語從句的連接詞，由于從句中及物動詞do后缺少賓語，故應使用連接代詞what。(2)It＋be＋名詞/名詞詞組＋主語從句。常用于該句型的名詞或名詞詞組有： shame遺憾pity可惜hope希望 no wonder難怪 good news好消息It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important 。It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work 。(3)It＋be＋過去分詞＋主語從句。常用于該句型的過去分詞有：said據(jù)說believed被相信reported據(jù)報道 thought被認為 known所知It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next 。It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next 。(4)It＋特殊動詞/動詞短語＋主語從句。常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊動詞/動詞短語有： seem看上去appear顯得happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out結(jié)果是It_happened_that a lion was hiding 。Does it_matter_that I won39。t attend the meeting tomorrow? 明天我不去參加會議要緊嗎？典例2 It doesn39。t matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口無論你向左轉(zhuǎn)還是右轉(zhuǎn)都沒關(guān)系——兩條路都通往公園。It是形式主語，設(shè)空處應填入引導主語從句的連接詞，從句后半部分的連詞or提示本題為whether...or...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“是……還是……”。典例3 It39。s no longer a question now ________man can land on the moon.[答案] that 句意：現(xiàn)在人類登上月球不再是問題?？疾槊~性從句，it為形式主語，后面的從句是真正的主語。由于引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，故用that。[考法綜述] 了解名詞性從句的基本用法，掌握各引導詞的用法，辨析that與what，掌握it作形式主語的常見結(jié)構(gòu)。命題法 考查主語從句的引導詞典例1 ________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.[答案] How 句意：我們?nèi)绾卫斫馐挛锱c我們的感受有很大關(guān)系。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________we understand things 在句中作主語，是主語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應用連接副詞how。典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won39。t accept [答案] What→Where 依據(jù)語境可知，此處指有些人對大詩人李白的出生地存在質(zhì)疑，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，What Li Bai，...was born在句中作主語且其中只缺狀語，因此改為Where，引導主語從句。what引導名詞性從句要在從句中作主、賓或表語?！窘忸}法】(1)掌握各引導詞在意義和功能上的差別。(2)在語篇型語法填空中，考查名詞性從句的引導詞是不給提示詞的，考生要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出主語部分，分析引導詞在從句中所作成分和表達的意義。(3)在短文改錯中，考查引導詞的錯用，掌握相似引導詞的差別，如what和that等。從引導詞在從句中所作成分和意義入手。A．單句填空1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around when [句意：馬鈴薯具體是在什么時候被引入歐洲的并不確定，但有可能是在1565年左右。由句意可知，后一分句是來補充說明前一分句中的不確定的內(nèi)容的，根據(jù)“around 1565”可知是對時間進行提問，因此用when引導前面的主語從句。] 2．I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he what [句意：我認為他的畫給我印象最深的是他對色彩的運用。what引導主語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“……的”。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the what/whatever [句意：一些人認為，不管是以前發(fā)生的還是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情都會在將來重現(xiàn)。此處“________has happened before or is happening now”是主語從句，且從句中缺少主語，故填what/whatever。] 4．________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the When [句意：延誤的飛機何時起飛很大程度上取決于天氣狀況。根據(jù)句意填連接副詞When。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the What [句意：使這本書非同尋常的是這位作家創(chuàng)造性的想象力。What在此處引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語。] 6．________you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your Whether [句意：你與同學相處得是否融洽會影響你的情緒。此處為主語從句，if表示“是否”且于句首時不引導主語從句。根據(jù)句意可知應用Whether。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn39。t locked my that [句意：我突然想起我沒鎖門。it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句。It occurs to “某人突然想起……”。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will whether [句意：正如女發(fā)言人所說的那樣，我們是否應該針對他們采取行動取決于他們將會怎么做。本空需要用連接詞引導主語從句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引導。] 9．—What made her so happy? —________her son passed the college entrance That [句意：——是什么使她這么快樂？——她兒子通過高考了。答語為that引導的主語從句，引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading What [句意：重要的不是你讀了多少書，而是你讀完書后學到了多少。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，is前面是一個主語從句，從句中缺少主語，應用What。] B．單句改錯1．That you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the 答案 That→What [句意：你在會上所說的話描述了公司的光明前途。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，引導主語從句，且在從句中作賓語，故用What, That引導主語從句，在從句中不作成分。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed mittee39。s policy can be put into 答案 that→whether [句意：這個新成立的委員會的政策能否實施還有待觀察。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，It 作形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的從句“that the newly formed mittee39。s policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意可判斷，此處表示“是否”，故改為whether, that無意義。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father39。s deep love for his 答案 It→What [句意：這部電影最打動我的是父親對他兒子深深的愛?！癐t struck me most in the movie”為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引導從句。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你們中任何一個人打破窗戶都必須賠償。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個人”。which指哪一個，表達疑問，故改為whichever。] 5．It doesn39。t matter how many times you fail。that matters is how many times you stand up and try 答案 that→what [句意：你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來并再次嘗試。分析句子成分可知，“that matters”是主語從句，從句中缺少主語，指物，故用what引導。that不作成分。]6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主語從句，在賓語從句中作主語，根據(jù)語境可知，該主語從句缺少主語且表示事物，故用what。which指某一范圍中的哪個或哪些。] 7．It was never clear that the man hadn39。t reported the accident 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚這個人為什么不早一點報告那起事故。此處需要連接副詞引導主語從句并在從句中作原因狀語，why表示“為什么……”。故把that改為why。] 8．—The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.—It never occurred to me what you c