【正文】
are before and after improvementFormalWinConsultantsLtdFacilitator collect data, find out defect reasons, distribution, location, define major share causes, distribution and location in a diagramFormalWinLtdTraining柏拉圖Pareto diagram意大利經濟學者 Etlaian economist V. Pareto (18481923)於 1897年分析其社會經濟結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)國民所得的大部份集中於少數(shù)人。ConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining特性要因圖cause and effect diagram用 5H1W 法逐項列出問題點list problem points, make use of 5H1W原因解釋愈細愈好detail explaination以現(xiàn)場第一線問題先作考慮onsite, frontline is the priority用 5M選題法表決優(yōu)先處理問題prioritize by 5MFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining柏拉圖 定出重要少數(shù)及行動先後的工具 perato diagram a tool to define critical few and action priority 散佈圖 定出兩個參數(shù)間關係的工具scatter diagram – a tool to define the relationship between two factorsQC 七工具 (簡介 )7tools (Briefing)FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining尋根方法 QC 七工具Getting to the root QC seven tools現(xiàn)場問題,現(xiàn)場解決 Gemba problem, Gemba solve實例分析 case anlaysis收集數(shù)據(jù) data collection以七工具分析 analysis by 7 tools訂立解決方案 plan the solutionFormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質改善專案法quality improvement task force method團隊選定 select team現(xiàn)況調查 check present status現(xiàn)況分析 analysis題案確定 define project要因分析 causeandeffect analysis制定日程表 scheduling方案實施 implement結果跟進 followup標準化 standardize尋找改善的根源find sources of improvement自我的突破self breakthroughFormalWinConsultants行動Action計劃Plan執(zhí)行Do檢討CheckPDCA 四個階段,八個步驟4 stages 8 steps P 分析現(xiàn)狀找出問題analysis分析產生問題的原因find causes找出主要原因find root causes制定計劃擬定措施plan and schedule行動Action計劃Plan執(zhí)行Do檢討Checkcontinual–Ltd QITFacilitatorTraining品質改善目標的準則A guide to quality improvement objective S (Specific) : 目標明確M(Measurable) : 目標可量性A (Attainable) : 目標經努力可達成 R (Relevant) : 目標需具價值性T (Time Table) : 目標需以時間衡量 結果FormalWinConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorTraining品質改進的層面quality improvement interface高層的品質改進項目senior management quality improvement projects管理上決策問題及技術上的設計問題management decisions and technical design problemsFormalWinConsultantsLtdTraining持續(xù)改進持續(xù)改進Continual Improvement 是一種以追求更高的過程效果和效率為是一種以追求更高的過程效果和效率為目標的持續(xù)活動目標的持續(xù)活動 。ConsultantsLtd QITTraining維持與改進Maintenance and improvement維持是依照標準的作業(yè)程序來工作; maintenance is operate according to instructions改進是以改進現(xiàn)有標準為目標的活動。ConsultantsLtd QITFacilitatorCrossfunctional management means to achieve QCDMS across the departmentsFormalWinLtdTraining跨功能 (部門 )管理 Crossfunctional(departmental)management改善工作重點是 TQM ,而達到目標,必須跨越各功能性部門之間障礙。ConsultantsLtd QITTrainingI –Improvement 改進改進是指為改善產品的特性和 (或 )提高用於生產和交付產品的過程的有效性和效率所開展的活動, …… 必要時,對結果進行評審,以確進一步的機會審核、顧客反饋和品質管理體系評審也可用於識別這些機會改進是一種持續(xù)的活動。ConsultantsLtdConsultantsTrainingQ—Quality 品質什麼是品質 What is Quality顧客滿意的產品或服務Customer satisfied product or service什麼是顧客 who is customer接收產品 /服務的組織或人the person/anization who receives product/service優(yōu)質的要求 requirements of excellent quality物超所值 superb valueFormalWinFacilitatorLtdConsultantsTrainingQIT品質改善小組 由個別部們或跨功能小組 ,對品質作出長期或短期改善活動 ?functional or crossfunctional teams, longterm or shortterm quality improvement activities以小組形式活動,透過定期會議及其他活動act as a team, through periodic meetings or other activitiesFormalWinFacilitatorConsultantsTraining跨功能 (部門 )管理 Crossfunctional(departmental)management 跨功能管理是指為達成 QCDMS跨越部門之間管理活動。 QITLtdConsultantsTraining品質改進的定義Quality improvement defined效率 efficiency所達到的結果與所用的資源之間的關係relationship between results achieved and resources usedISO:9000 品質改進的杠桿原理Quality improvement leverage theory 交付交付 deliver品質問題 quality problem制造制造 production流程設計流程設計 process design產品產品 /服務設計服務設計product/service design事後糾正事後糾正 corrective action客方客方customer組織組織anisation設計設計design過程控制過程控制process controlFormalWinFacilitatorLtdConsultantsTraining創(chuàng)新與改進之分別Innovation and improvement 改進Improvement是強調以員工的努力、士氣、溝通、訓練、團隊、參與及自律來達成目標,由於持續(xù)不斷的努力,所產生的是小步伐改進,而遂次累積而成Stress employee contribution, morale, munication, training, team work and selfdiscipline to achieve results. As the effort is continual, small steps can be accumulated.創(chuàng)新、改進、維持、概念圖innovation, improvement, maintenance concept diagram(今井正明(今井正明 Gemba Kaizen著)著)高層管理高層管理