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【正文】 onsumer (B2B2C) ? consumertobusiness (C2B) ? peertopeer (P2P) ? mobile merce ((mmerce) ? locationbased merce (lmerce) ? intrabusiness EC ? businesstoemployees (B2E) ? collaborative merce (cmerce) ? elearning ? exchange (electronic) ? exchangetoexchange (E2E) ? egovernment 19 Emerce Business Models ? Business models—a method of doing business by which a pany can generate revenue to sustain itself, which normally includes revenue model and value proposition. ? Revenue model: Description of how the pany or an EC project will earn money ? Value proposition: The benefits of a pany can derive from using EC ? What is the difference between business model, business plan and business case? 20 (Turban et al. 2023, p. 74) 21 Typical Business Models in ECommerce 1. Online direct marketing 2. Electronic tendering systems ?tendering (bidding) system: Model in which a buyer requests wouldbe sellers to submit bids。 ? Substitution, that there would be a new sales channel for books or that the book itself would be replaced by alternative media. Discussion 28 Intermediation in ECommerce ? Intermediaries (brokers) provide valueadded activities and services to buyers and sellers ? Intermediaries in the physical world are wholesalers and retailers ? Infomediaries: electronic intermediaries that control information flow in cyberspace, often aggregating information and selling it to others ? Edistributor: An emerce intermediary that connects manufacturers (suppliers) with business buyers by aggregating the catalogs of many suppliers in one place—the intermediary’s Web site 29 Infomediaries and the information Flow Model (Turban et al. 2023, p. 48) 30 Roles and value of intermediaries in emarkets ? Search costs ? Lack of privacy ? Inplete information ? Contract risk
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