華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學微生物英文版課件-全文預覽
【正文】 aceticum C. tetani C. putrificum Bacillus subtilis, B. Mycoides B. Pastturii B. megaterium B. Thuringiensis B. Anthracis B. Botulinus B. cereus Sporeforming rod shaped bacteria Almost all Sporeforming bacteria are Gram+ Clostridium – Anaerobic Bacillus – Aerobic Nonspore forming rod shaped bacteria Most nonspore – forming rod shaped bacteria are Gram Representatives: Escherchia coli Alcaligenes Proteus Flavobacteria Pseudomonas Rhizobium Azotobacter Vibrio, Spirillum and Spirochete Some bacteria are shaped like long rods twisted into spirals or helices。m and may be unicellular or form filaments. They have chlorophyll and carry out oxygenproducing photosynthesis, much as plants and the eukaryotic algae do. Filamentous Cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. (SEM x5,000) Nonfilamentous cyanobacteria The morphological diversity of the cyanobacteria is considerable. Both unicellular and filamentous forms are known, and considerable variation within these morphological types occurs. Heterocysts have intercellular connections with adjacent vegetative cells, and there is mutual exchange of materials between these cells, with products of photosynthesis moving from vegetative cells to heterocysts and products of nitrogen fixation moving from heterocysts to vegetative cells. ? Photosynthesis ? Nitrogen fixation Main function of Cyanobacteria The nutrition of cyanobacteria is simple. Vitamins are not required, and nitrate or ammonia is used as nitrogen source. Nitrogenfixing species are mon. Most species tested are obligate phototrophs, However, some cyanobacteria are able to grow in the dark on anic pounds, using the anic material as both carbon and energy source. Physiology of cyanobacteria: Problems: Many cyanobacteria produce potent neurotoxins, and during water blooms when massive accumulations of cyanobacteria may develop, animals ingesting such water may succumb rapidly. Aseptic technique Streak plate Pour plate Spread plate Archaeobacteria differ from eubacteria in a number of other ways. For exam
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