【正文】
質(zhì)量之比。在0℃以下,霜點(diǎn)總是比露點(diǎn)高一點(diǎn)。 溫度的相關(guān)概念濕度概念 :相對(duì)濕度(%RH):給定的濕空氣中,水汽分壓與同一溫度(T)和壓力(P)下純水表面的飽和水汽壓之比,用百分?jǐn)?shù)表示。利用飽和鹽溶液作標(biāo)定,也可使用名牌產(chǎn)品作比對(duì)檢測(cè),產(chǎn)品還應(yīng)進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期使用過程中的長(zhǎng)期標(biāo)定才能較全面地判斷濕度傳感器的質(zhì)量。若進(jìn)一步檢測(cè),可在24h內(nèi)間隔一段時(shí)間記錄,一天內(nèi)一般都有高、中、低3種濕度和溫度情況,可以較全面地觀察產(chǎn)品的一致性和穩(wěn)定性,包括溫度補(bǔ)償特性。(5) 濕度校正 校正濕度要比校正溫度困難得多。多數(shù)濕敏元件難以在40℃以上正常工作。(2) 濕度傳感器的溫度系數(shù) 濕敏元件除對(duì)環(huán)境濕度敏感外,對(duì)溫度亦十分敏感,~%RH/℃范圍內(nèi),而且有的濕敏元件在不同的相對(duì)濕度下,其溫度系數(shù)又有差別。3%RH的精度是比較困難的,通常產(chǎn)品資料中給出的特性是在常溫(20℃177。濕(1) 精度和長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性濕度傳感器的精度應(yīng)達(dá)到177。露點(diǎn)在0℃以下結(jié)冰時(shí)即為霜點(diǎn)(Frost Point)。此物理量亦隨著溫度,壓力的變 化而變化,并且,0℃以下即使同一濕度,與水共存的飽和水蒸氣壓(esw)和與冰共存的飽和水蒸氣壓(esi)的值不同,通常所采用的是與水 共存的飽和水蒸氣壓(esw)。表示∶rh=e/es100%。) 絕對(duì)濕度(Absolute humidity) 單位體積(1m3)的氣體中含有水蒸氣的質(zhì)量(g)??傃灾礆怏w中(通常為空氣中)所含水蒸氣量(水蒸氣壓)。 預(yù)期結(jié)果根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)方案及思路,預(yù)測(cè)出現(xiàn)的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)完好的設(shè)計(jì)完后,連接所有的硬件設(shè)備,運(yùn)行相應(yīng)的軟件設(shè)備放在某個(gè)采集點(diǎn)的溫濕度傳感器會(huì)感應(yīng)測(cè)出相應(yīng)的模擬溫濕度值,經(jīng)過放大器的放大再經(jīng)過A/D轉(zhuǎn)化器,轉(zhuǎn)換成成單片機(jī)可以識(shí)別的數(shù)字信號(hào),信號(hào)經(jīng)編譯連接傳到個(gè)軟件測(cè)試模塊就可以看到相應(yīng)的結(jié)果。 ◆ATC0809是低價(jià)格8位逐次逼近型A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器,它的特點(diǎn)是:可直接與微處理器相連,不需另加接口邏輯,具有鎖存控制的8路模擬開關(guān),可以輸入8個(gè)模擬信號(hào)。通過對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的核心單片機(jī)部分的設(shè)計(jì),達(dá)到優(yōu)化控制溫濕度的目標(biāo)。 本文的設(shè)計(jì)思路及預(yù)期結(jié)果 本文的設(shè)計(jì)思路充分考慮氣候、環(huán)境因素對(duì)糧食的影響,并根據(jù)糧倉(cāng)內(nèi)糧食保持正常狀態(tài)所需的溫度和濕度設(shè)計(jì)出溫濕度參考值預(yù)先存儲(chǔ)于單片機(jī)中。國(guó)家為糧食儲(chǔ)藏每年支付很高的費(fèi)用,主要是因?yàn)楸O(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備成本較高,管理方式不夠先進(jìn),于是溫濕度智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的研究與應(yīng)用也日益迫切。溫度和濕度的檢測(cè)與控制對(duì)防止糧食霉變有著重要的意義,討論糧堆溫度和濕度變化的主要原因以及糧食倉(cāng)庫(kù)中溫度和濕度的允許變化范圍。DS1624還增加了存儲(chǔ)功能,利用芯片內(nèi)部256字節(jié)的存儲(chǔ)器,可存儲(chǔ)用戶的短信息。利用降低分辨力的方法可以提高測(cè)量速率,減小芯片的功耗。2%RH。Honeywell公司生產(chǎn)的HIH-3610型濕度傳感器,能在高溫,有化學(xué)液體或氣體的環(huán)境下正常工作,例如可以測(cè)量含有氨、苯、甲醛等有害氣體的雞棚或豬舍中的相對(duì)濕度。例如,瑞士Sensiron公司采用CMOSens(CemoSens)專利技術(shù)為高精度濕度傳感器系統(tǒng)設(shè)置精度。終端控制設(shè)備向中央控制裝置輸送檢測(cè)信息,根據(jù)中央控制裝置的指令輸出控制信號(hào),使電器機(jī)械設(shè)備執(zhí)行動(dòng)作,實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食倉(cāng)庫(kù)的環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)。在專用品種、綜合配套技術(shù)、貯運(yùn)營(yíng)銷上,應(yīng)該研制具有中國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)。從儲(chǔ)糧管理來說,濕度抑制微生物的生長(zhǎng)比溫度更有意義。 當(dāng)糧庫(kù)溫度在20℃~35℃、相對(duì)濕度≥85%時(shí),糧食就易發(fā)生霉變。由于糧庫(kù)占地面積大,糧倉(cāng)分散,倉(cāng)內(nèi)溫度測(cè)試點(diǎn)多,因而人工監(jiān)測(cè)工作量大,效率低,檢測(cè)周期長(zhǎng),容易漏檢,而且測(cè)量器件損壞率高,測(cè)試精度難以保證[2]。單片機(jī)技術(shù)已經(jīng)普及到我們生活,工作,科研,各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,已經(jīng)成為一種比較成熟的技術(shù)。探討在線測(cè)量,計(jì)算和控制糧食倉(cāng)庫(kù)溫度和濕度的原理和方法,基本消滅了糧食霉變事故,同時(shí)也節(jié)省了大量人力和物力,減輕了糧倉(cāng)管理的工作強(qiáng)度,提高了糧庫(kù)管理效率,使糧食管理得到了安全可靠的保障。題目:糧倉(cāng)溫濕度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào):作者姓名:指導(dǎo)教師:完成日期:信息工程系電氣自動(dòng)化專業(yè)07自動(dòng)化(2)班摘要糧倉(cāng)管理中最重要的問題是監(jiān)測(cè)糧堆中的溫、濕度變化。溫度和濕度的檢測(cè)與控制對(duì)防止糧食霉變有著重要的意義,討論糧堆溫度和濕度變化的主要原因以及糧食倉(cāng)庫(kù)中溫度和濕度的允許變化范圍。關(guān)鍵字:溫濕度 糧倉(cāng) 檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì) ABSTRACT Barn management of the most important issue is monitoring the grain heap temperature and humidity changes. countries for grain storage to pay high fees each year, mainly due to high cost of monitoring equipment, management methods were not advanced enough in the theoretical study and field visits on the basis of experiments carried out a food storage temperature and humidity, realtime monitoring and control system circuit design and development. the temperature and humidity measurement and control to prevent mildew food of great significance to discuss the grain heap the main reason for the temperature and humidity changes as well as food storage temperature and humidity range allowed explore online measurement, calculation and control of food storage temperature and humidity, the principles and methods, and basic elimination of food mildew accident, but also save a lot of manpower and material resources, thereby reducing the intensity of granary management work to improve the efficiency of management of the granary, so that food management has been a safe and reliable protectionAre present, the grain depots in the temperature and humidity testing is basically a manual inspection, laborintensive, cumbersome, due to not timely detection and alarm, resulting in the loss of library storage of food phenomena have occurred, so the design and development of the higher cost performance granary temperature and humidity automatic detection systems is urgent. because large granary widely distributed, large reserves and grain storage management and monitoring difficult, based on intelligence grain depot detection system on the design of puter management software, configured by each granarybit machines will pay under the circumstances the number of data via wireless transmission module sends to the host puter, host puter the next bit plane data in the form of curves and tables that e out, clear and intuitive display of temperature and humidity conditions within the warehouse by the host puter to the granary to monitor, manage personnel in the control room can be realtime intelligence data to see food on the food situation analysis of the data to achieve granary management automation, intelligent. KEY WORDS:humiture granary detecing system desing目 錄摘要 IABSTRACT II目 錄 III第一章 引言 1 糧倉(cāng)溫室度檢測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 1 課題的提出及研究的意義 3 本文的設(shè)計(jì)思路及預(yù)期結(jié)果 3 本文的設(shè)計(jì)思路 3 預(yù)期結(jié)果 4第二章 糧倉(cāng)溫濕度監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 5 溫濕度檢測(cè)技術(shù) 5 濕度的相關(guān)概念 5 濕度傳感器的分類及特點(diǎn) 6 溫度的相關(guān)概念 8 溫度傳感器的分類及特點(diǎn) 8 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 13第三章 糧倉(cāng)溫室度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的具體設(shè)計(jì) 15 15(過程) 16 ATC0809轉(zhuǎn)換器 18 19 19 20 系統(tǒng)附帶電路及元件設(shè)計(jì) 21 21 22 電源的設(shè)計(jì) 22