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小麥氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估及其在農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)中的應(yīng)用研究-全文預(yù)覽

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【正文】 en calculationsearcharearates. Keywords:meteorologicaldisasters,risks,Wheat,agriculturalinsurance,application IV 目 錄 摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………I ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………………………………III 1文獻(xiàn)綜述……………………………………………………………………1 1.1對(duì)氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)內(nèi)涵的認(rèn)識(shí)…………………………………………..1 1.2氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的方法……………………………………………2 1.3農(nóng)業(yè)氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究…………………………………………….3 1.4風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估在農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)中的應(yīng)用研究……………………………….5 2引言…………………………………………………………………………………….6 2.1本研究的實(shí)用價(jià)值及理論意義…………………………………….6 2.2本研究的主要內(nèi)容………………………………………………………6 3資料來源與主要技術(shù)方法……………………………………………。利用氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)在GIS下制作分布 圖,從圖上看,安徽省小麥氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大體上呈現(xiàn)緯度梯度分布,南北差異顯著, 不同地區(qū)災(zāi)害種類及成災(zāi)條件不同。為 了便于比較,本文采用兩種方法進(jìn)行了安徽省小麥氣象災(zāi)害進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。本研究為了克服樣本少而帶來的 信息不完備的缺陷,采用模糊數(shù)學(xué)中信息擴(kuò)散的方法,計(jì)算了各種單災(zāi)種災(zāi)害以及 綜合災(zāi)害的不同級(jí)別災(zāi)害指數(shù)發(fā)生的概率,并且繪制了各災(zāi)害的超越概率曲線(EP 曲線),進(jìn)一步對(duì)各種災(zāi)害發(fā)生、分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析。為了滿足災(zāi)害風(fēng) 險(xiǎn)分析對(duì)災(zāi)害指標(biāo)量化的需要,本研究參照當(dāng)前常用小麥災(zāi)害指標(biāo),為各種災(zāi)害設(shè) 計(jì)了單災(zāi)種災(zāi)害指數(shù)。得出了安徽省小麥主要?dú)庀鬄?zāi) 害為干旱災(zāi)害,澇漬災(zāi)害、冬季凍害,晚霜凍害以及干熱風(fēng)災(zāi)害。 其次,進(jìn)行了安徽省小麥氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析。 再次,建立了災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估模型,對(duì)安徽省小麥氣象災(zāi)害進(jìn)行了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。用各個(gè)站點(diǎn) 的氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)與小麥歷年減產(chǎn)率>10%發(fā)生的概率進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析,結(jié)果表明二 者相關(guān)關(guān)系極顯著(R=O.42,P<O.01)。本研究嘗試了將安徽省小麥氣象 災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的結(jié)果應(yīng)用到農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)決策管理中,著重闡述了2個(gè)方面的應(yīng)用嘗試: (1)以氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)以及小麥減產(chǎn)率大于10%發(fā)生的概率為指標(biāo),按照農(nóng)業(yè)保 險(xiǎn)分區(qū)的要求,采用K-Means聚類方法,將安徽省分為4個(gè)不同的保險(xiǎn)區(qū)域,并且 對(duì)各個(gè)保險(xiǎn)區(qū)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征進(jìn)行闡述;(2)提出了農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)差異化經(jīng)營的方法,使用 區(qū)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)系數(shù)結(jié)合基準(zhǔn)費(fèi)率來進(jìn)行區(qū)域差別費(fèi)率的設(shè)定,并且嘗試性進(jìn)行了各個(gè)區(qū) 域費(fèi)率的計(jì)算 關(guān)鍵字:氣象災(zāi)害,風(fēng)險(xiǎn),小麥,農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn),應(yīng)用 II Abstract This study userisk analysismethod,withGIS technology?。幔睿幔欤澹?andevaluation main meteorological disastersriskofAnhuiwheat.And applied resultsto agriculture InsuranceDecision.This study researchcontentsandobtainresultsasfollows: FirstIdentification main meteorological disasters ofAnhuiwheat.The results showed that,drought,waterlogging,winterfreeze,late frostbiteandhot dry windare Anhuiwheatmain meteorological disasters.Forindicators quantified needsofdisasters analysis,this study reference wheat disasters meteorological indicators,designed disastersindex.InOrderto identifyingdisasters comprehensiveeffectthisstudy use 鱸aytheory to design Combineddisaster index,CalculateGray Correlationbetween disastersindexand yield.Resultsshowed廿l礬wheatdrought disasterWasthe greatest impact,followeddry hot wind,again is waterlogging,Latefrost,winterfreeze injury Waslittle effect.Use Grey Correlationas weight?。郑幔颍椋铮酰?disasterssumindexwith weights,Thencomprehensive disasterindexof meteorological disastersWas obtained, useit to correlation analysis withLoss rate,The results showed they had significant correlation. Secondly.conducted risk analysis ofAnhuiwheat meteorological disasters.The study Toovercome sample less brought information incompletedefects,usingfuzzy mathematicsinformationdiffusionmethodcalculated single disasterand comprehensive disasterindex probability in different levels,and drawnExceed probabilitycurve(EP curve),Thenanalyzed distribution of disasters,And result showed:Anhuiwheat meteorologicaldisastersobviousdifferenceinSouthand north,With latitude rendering gradient distribution characteristics.Average disaster index and large disasters probability of drought,dry hotwindwere increasing fromsouthtoNorth;winterFrost andlatefrostbitealso appearsincreasing trendfromsouthtoNorth turn,but nearthe Yangtzeregion were smaller;waterlogging disasterfromsouthtoNorthturn rendering gradientdecreasing;but from Comprehensive disastersdistribution,fromsouthtonorth graduallyincreasing. Again,established disasterriskassessmentmodelandassessmentriskofwheat meteor
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