【正文】 nd.30. The manager found the clerk playing puter games at work. 過去分詞過去分詞相當(dāng)于adj. 和 adv. 的功能，所以，它可以作定語，狀語，賓語補(bǔ)足語和表語。它沒有相應(yīng)的狀語從句代替。Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Seeing its mother, the baby smiled. 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，在ving 前可以用連詞when或while.Be careful when crossing the street.②表示原因。They had the light burning all night.5. 作定語。常跟動(dòng)詞的ing作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞有：①表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。Would you like to go shopping with me?What would you prefer to eat tonight?⑤下面幾組詞接ving作賓語和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語含義不同。be/get used to, look forward to, devote to, pay attention to, object to, get down to等。She sat there without speaking.以下動(dòng)詞或短語只ving形式作賓語：①admit(承認(rèn)), avoid（避免，躲避）, appreciate(感激), consider（考慮）, enjoy（享受，喜歡）, escape（逃脫）, finish（完成）, keep doing（一直做）, mind（介意）, suggest（建議）, delay（耽誤）, deny（否認(rèn)）, excuse（原諒）, practice（練習(xí)）, resist（抗拒）等動(dòng)詞。只有某些習(xí)慣用語如no use, no good作表語用時(shí)，才用it作其他形式主語。主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been doneNo one likes being laughed at.I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to do it.ving 相當(dāng)于adj. adv. ，所以，在句中可以作：主語，賓語，定語，狀語，表語，賓語補(bǔ)足語1. 作主語Smoking does great harm to people’s health.Helping her is my duty.Collecting stamps is a good hobby.與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的區(qū)別。這類形容詞主要有: happy, kind, surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, dissapointed等。The student saved much money to buy a new mobile phone.He got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.= In order to catch the first bus, he got up early.People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced diet to satisfy (satisfy) their nutritional needs.(2) 作結(jié)果狀語不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，多表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語。v.+ sb.+ do Let’s go to Thailand right now. （let sb. do sth.）They saw the boy fall off the tree. (see sb. do sth.) The boy was seen to fall off the tree.He is often heard to sing (sing) the song.Though he often made his deskmate cry (cry).Today he was made to cry(cry) by his deskmate. (make sb. do sth.)(2)help后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式可以帶to,也可以不帶to. I often help him（to）clean the room. [help sb. (to) do sth.]I helped him (to) find his things. 比較：The professor told the students how to do the experiment .The professor told the students to do the experiment.Practice: 1. No one lets you sit in the office.2. I want you to know some rules.3. I heard her sing today. She sang wonderful.4. We watched the children play games.5. Do you feel the house shake? boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day. 7. We were made to make ten sentences with these words.8. I’m waiting for Tom to give the answer.9. Would you like her sing a song for us?10. Did anyone notice a strange man e into the bank?IV．作定語changeyou. 2. Whatrepairt decided whether to go or stay. 9. Everyone wants to have a happy weekend.10. She hope I’ll advise her which to choose.1. I’llchange_it__to_consider__to_s impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.疑問詞+不定式 作主語When to start remains undecided.1. It is easy to get there by bus or taxi.2. It takes about 3 hours to see all the birds.3. It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full when you are eating.4. It’s our duty to take good care of the old.5. How long did it take you to finish the work?6. It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.7. When to start has not been decided.8. It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.9. It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.10. It is useful for our health to do morning exercises. 接不定式做賓語I want to know this matter.I don’t expect to meet you here(1)常見動(dòng)詞有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, fail, manage, learn, seem, forget, want, prepare, pretend, plan, wish等They want to get_( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? He said he wished __to be ( be ) a professor.(2)it作形式賓語I find/feel to work with him interesting ． I find/feel it interesting to work with him．Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider… it+adj/n + to do sth. 不定式的形式有五種： do I like to read English. be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time. have done He seemed to have cleaned the room. be done The work is to be done soon. have been doneThe boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式What, who, which, where, when, how, why等疑問詞構(gòu)成不定式短語，這種短語在句子中可作主語、賓語和表語等成分。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.動(dòng)詞不定式一．動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)形式動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，由不定式符號(hào)(to)加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。句型1：It + 謂語 +(+sb.)+時(shí)間/金錢+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus. It costs you only $ 100 a month to cook at home.It seemed impossible to save money.句型2：It’s + n. (+ for sb) + to do It’s our duty _to_ help the poor.It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the countryside.. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.句型3： It is + adj （+ for sb） to do sth（是形容事物的性質(zhì)的 ）It is + adj （+ of sb） to do sth（是形容人的品質(zhì)的 ）It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is very kind of you to give me some help.It39。betteryounotfeel_to_Can’t choose but doCan’t help but do/have no choice to doDo nothing but doPractice: 1. Would you like to go to Thailand? (would like to do sth.)2. The driver failed to see the other car