freepeople性欧美熟妇, 色戒完整版无删减158分钟hd, 无码精品国产vα在线观看DVD, 丰满少妇伦精品无码专区在线观看,艾栗栗与纹身男宾馆3p50分钟,国产AV片在线观看,黑人与美女高潮,18岁女RAPPERDISSSUBS,国产手机在机看影片

正文內(nèi)容

kdigoaki急性腎損傷診療指南解讀20xx版-全文預(yù)覽

  

【正文】 s. (1A) ? We suggest monitoring aminoglycoside drug levels when treatment with singledaily dosing is used for more than 48 hours. (2C) ? We suggest using topical or local applications of aminoglycosides (., respiratory aerosols, instilled antibiotic beads), rather than . application, when feasible and suitable. ( 2B) KDIGO,2022 Prevention of aminoglycoside and amphotericinrelated AKI ? We suggest using lipid formulations of amphotericin B rather than conventional formulations of amphotericin B. (2A) ? In the treatment of systemic mycoses or parasitic infections, we remend using azole antifungal agents and/or the echinocandins rather than conventional amphotericin B, if equal therapeutic efficacy can be assumed.(1A) KDIGO,2022 Other methods of prevention of AKI in the critically ill ? We suggest that offpump coronary artery bypass graft surgery not be selected solely for the purpose of reducing perioperative AKI or need for RRT. (2C) ? We suggest not using NAC to prevent AKI in critically ill patients with hypotension. (2D) ? We remend not using oral or . NAC for prevention of postsurgical AKI. (1A) CIAKI:預(yù)防對(duì)比劑急性腎損害 KDIGO,2022 Guideline 5:醫(yī)療資源合理分配 ? 多學(xué)科參與 AKI指南制定 ? 腎科醫(yī)生會(huì)診提供??埔庖? ? 合理的轉(zhuǎn)診方案 ? 密切監(jiān)護(hù)治療 ? 腎臟科與 ICU醫(yī)生協(xié)作 When to request a renal referral? KDIGO,2022 Guideline 6: RRT模式的選擇 建議個(gè)體化治療! (1B) Kanagasundaram,2022 KDIGO,2022 Guideline 7: 透析器和透析液的選擇 透析器: ?合成膜透析器 (1B) ?改良纖維素膜透析器 (1B) 透析液: ?首選碳酸氫鈉透析液 /置換液 (1C) ?透析液微生物的控制 KDIGO,2022 Guideline 8:血管通路 ? 臨時(shí)建立靜脈 靜脈通路 (1A) ? 選擇足夠長(zhǎng)度的透析導(dǎo)管以降低再循環(huán)率 (1B) ? 置管部位和導(dǎo)管類型需根據(jù)患者的病情選擇 (2C) ? 由經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)置管 (1A) ? 實(shí)時(shí)超聲導(dǎo)引有助于置管 (1D) ? 對(duì)有進(jìn)展至 CKD45期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的患者,盡量避免行鎖骨下靜脈置管,保護(hù)患者的血管資源 (1D) KDIGO,2022 Guideline 8:血管通路 ? 保護(hù)非優(yōu)勢(shì)側(cè)的上肢血管 (2C) ? 定期更換臨時(shí)導(dǎo)管以降低感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (1C) – 頸內(nèi)靜脈: 3周 – 股靜脈: 1周 – 3周:建議用皮下隧道導(dǎo)管 ? 導(dǎo)管僅限于 RRT治療時(shí)使用 (1D)以預(yù)防感染 KDIGO,2022 Guideline 9:體外抗凝 ? 根據(jù)患者病情和 RRT模式制定抗凝治療方案 (1C) ? 推薦枸櫞酸局部抗凝降低出血風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (2C) ? 具有出血風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的患者可選擇前列環(huán)素抗凝,但會(huì)引起血流動(dòng)力學(xué)不穩(wěn)定 (2C) ? 具有高出血風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的患者可采取無抗凝劑、鹽水沖洗的方法,但引起超濾量增加,透析效率下降及增加了透析膜破裂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (2C) KDIGO,2022 Guideline 10: RRT處方 ? 通過對(duì) RRT劑量的評(píng)估確保透析充分性 (1A) ? 每次 (IHD)或每日( CRRT)評(píng)估透析劑量及充分性 (1A) ? 推薦伴有多器官功能衰竭的 AKI患者行 CRRT,后稀釋法超濾率 25ml/kg/hr。 KDIGO,2022 Effect of furosemide vs. control on need for RRT. Reprinted from Ho KM, Power BM. Benefits and risks of furosemide in acute kidney injury. Anaesthesia 2022。 CKD, chronic kidney disease. KDIGO,2022 AKD acute kidney diseases and disorder ? 符合以下任何一項(xiàng) – AKI, 符合 AKI定義 – 3個(gè)月內(nèi)在原來基礎(chǔ)上, GFR下降 35%或 Scr上升 50% – GFR60ml/min/, 3個(gè)月 – 腎損傷 3個(gè)月 KDIGO,2022 AKI/CKD/AKD 腎功能改變 腎臟結(jié)構(gòu)改變 AKI 7天內(nèi)血肌酐升高 50% 2天內(nèi)血
點(diǎn)擊復(fù)制文檔內(nèi)容
數(shù)學(xué)相關(guān)推薦
文庫(kù)吧 www.dybbs8.com
備案圖鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1