外文翻譯——基于單片機(jī)的交通燈控制-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 它是一個(gè)有用的特性。這使得高阻抗信號(hào)源（如效應(yīng)）開關(guān)的低阻抗輸出傳感器（如燈）。上升時(shí)間為 75?2n5777和下降時(shí)間是 50?美國(guó)最大開關(guān)速度是 1 kHz。達(dá)林頓光電晶體管（雙晶體管連接在一起的情況下）等 2n5777是非常敏感的一個(gè)放大的容許，暗電流和光電流 為光通量密度 =兩兆瓦 /平方 厘米。 光電半導(dǎo)體 ： 鍺或硅二極管或晶體管，它有一個(gè)透明的裝箱，可以作為一個(gè)光電二極管或晶體管是因?yàn)楣獾墓庾涌梢詥?dòng)傳導(dǎo)的 p n 交界地區(qū)。高開關(guān)速度，以恢復(fù)時(shí)間之間的 2和 10ns，使他們的理想的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。如果一個(gè)硅原子取代一個(gè)鎵原子，它提供了一個(gè)額外的電子，從而產(chǎn)生在 n型砷化鎵。 紅外傳感器 紅外發(fā)光二極管 ： 砷化鎵是一種直接隙半導(dǎo)體的能隙 。一旦熟悉硬件和軟件，然后用戶可以使用微控制器的問題。此外，用 AT89S 52設(shè)計(jì)的靜態(tài)邏輯操作頻率下降到零和支持軟件可選的節(jié)電模式。該設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)使用公司的高密度非易失性存儲(chǔ)器技術(shù)是符合業(yè)界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 80C 51指令集和引腳。也被稱為 “芯片上的計(jì)算機(jī)， “數(shù)十億微控制器單元（ MCU）的嵌入式每年在無數(shù)的產(chǎn)品，從玩具到家 電汽車。我們將用 AT89S 52單片機(jī)和紅外傳感器執(zhí)行所有的計(jì)算與控制的相關(guān)工作。 simulation (ams’ 07), 2020. 基于單片機(jī)的 交通燈控制 范德薩 but, if a resistor is connected form base to emitter it reduced the light sensitivity. Darlington connected photo transistors (two transistors together in one case) such as the 2N5777 are very sensitive with a hFE of , a dark current of 100nA and a light current of for light flux density H=2mW/cm2. The device is rated 200mW and voltage of 25V maximum. SCRs with a light window are also available, called as LASCR, which are very sensitive and can turn mains power ON and OFF, with light. The switching speed of phototransistors far exceeds those of LDRs, made of CdS. The rise is 1KHz. Photo devices are useful in optical encoding, intrusion alarms, tape readers, level control, character recognition etc. Nowadays packing containing an LED and a photodiode, called ?optocoupler? is used for switching on power or control circuits. Because the light source (LED) and photodiode are physically kept separated (with 2mm) in the package, isolation upto 2500V can be had. 555 timer The buffer circuit39。 Microcontroller Based Automatic Traffic Light Controller with Density Control Submitted By: Van Der Sar Hernandez, MAM university professor in the Department of automation INTRODUCTION: Traffic lights have bee an integral part of human?s daytoday life. With the advancement in semiconductor technology and a parallel rise in innovation in embedded technology a sea change in the lighting engineering has resulted. With this motivation in the mind, this project aims at designing and implementing, a running model of traffic light controller which is controlled according to the density of vehicle on road. We will use AT89s52 microcontroller and Infra red sensor for performing all the putation and control related task. COMPONENTS REQUIRED: ? AT89S52 Microcontroller ? LEDs ? Crystal Oscillator 12 Mhz ? LM7805 ? 12 V transformer ? IR TxRx Pair ? 555 Timer ? CL 100 ? Discrete ponents: Resistors, Capacitors A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER: When we have to learn about a new puter we have to familiarize about the machine capability we are using, and we can do it by studying the internal hardware design (devices architecture), and also to know about the size, number and the size of the registers. A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor (the CPU), nonvolatile memory for the program (ROM or flash), volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a clock and an I/O control unit. Also called a puter on a chip, billions of microcontroller units (MCUs) are embedded each year in a myriad of products from toys to appliances to automobiles. For example, a single vehicle can use 70 or more microcontrollers. The following picture describes a general block diagram of microcontroller. 89s52: The AT89S52 is a lowpower, highperformance
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