殺菌劑毒理學(xué)(上)(1)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 , fatty acids: ? (4) phospholipid biosynthesis and cell wall deposition: Carboxylic acid amides ? (5) microbial disrupter of pathogen cell membranes: Microbial (Bacillus sp)枯草桿菌 30 7 Sterol biosynthesis in membrances ? (1) C14demethylase in sterol biosynthesis : DMIfungicides (DeMethylation inhibitors) ? imidazole,咪唑類， imazalil抑霉唑 ? Triazoles: propiconazole,丙環(huán)唑 triadimefon三唑酮， diniconazole烯唑醇， difenoconazole苯醚甲環(huán)唑 (世高 ) 31 7 Sterol biosynthesis in membrances ? (2) 3keto reductase, C4demethylation ? Fenhexamid 環(huán)酰菌胺 ? (3) squalene(角 )鯊烯 epoxidase in sterol biosynthesis 32 8. Glucan葡聚糖 synthesis ?(1) trehalase海藻糖酶 and inositol (纖維醇 , 纖維糖 )biosynthesis: antibiotic, validamycin有效霉素 ?(2)chitin synthase: polyoxins多氧菌素 33 9 melanin synthesis in cell wall ?(1) reductase in melanin biosynthesis ? MBIR (Melanin Biosynthesis inhibitors reductase) ? Tricyclazole:三環(huán)唑 ?(2) dehydratase in melanin biosynthesis ?MBID (Melanin Biosynthesis inhibitors dehydratase) 34 10 host plant defence induction ?(1)salicylic acid(水楊酸 ) pathway ?AcibenzolarSmethyl阿拉酸式苯S甲基 ?Probenazole噻菌靈 35 11 Multisite contact activity ?(1) inanic: copper, sulphur ?(2) dithiocarbamate and relatives: ? mancozeb代森錳鋅， thiram福美雙 ?(3) chloronitriles氯化氰類 : ?chlorothalonil百菌清 ?(4) sulfamides 硫酰胺類 ? Dichlofluanid抑菌靈 36 11 Multisite contact activity ?(4) guanidines胍 ?(5) triazines三嗪類 ? Anilazine敵菌靈 ?(6) quinones醌類 ?Dithianon二噻農(nóng) 37 Biological mode of action Fungicidal action can be expressed in one of two physically visible ways. ?Inhibition of spore germination. ?Inhibition of fungus growth. 38 Physiological mode of action What happens at the cellular level to cause the visible effects on spore germination and fungal growth? 39 Why is it important to be familiar with the physiological mode of action of a fungicide ? ? For resistance management and preservation of fungicide effectiveness. 40 The physiological mode of action ?Fungicides are metabolic inhibitors and their modes of action can be classified into four broad groups. ?Inhibitors of electron transport chain. ?Inhibitors of enzymes. ?Inhibitors of nucleic acid metabolism and protein synthesis. ?Inhibitors of sterol synthesis. 41 Inhibition of electron transport chain (Respiration in mitochondria) ?Sulfur ?Disrupts electron transport along the cytochromes ?Strobilurins (azoxystrobin, kresoximmethyl, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin) ?Inhibit mitochondrial respirati
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