眼科考試復(fù)習(xí)題及答案-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 from styes (hordeola) in that they are subacute and usually painless nodules. They may bee acutely inflamed but, unlike a stye, chalazia usually point inside the lid rather than on the lid margin. Hordeolum/stye is an infection of the sebaceous glands of Zeis at the base of the eyelashes, or an infection of the apocrine sweat glands of Moll.[1] External styes form on the outside of the lids and can be seen as small red bumps. Internal styes are infections of the meibomian sebaceous glands lining the inside of the eyelids. They also cause a red bump underneath the lid with only generalized redness and swelling visible on the outside. Styes are similar to chalazia, but tend to be of smaller size and are more painful and usually produce no lasting damage. Styes are characterized by an acute onset and usually short in duration (7–10 days without treatment) pared to chalazia that are chronic and usually do not resolve without intervention. 治療：早期未化膿以前，局部熱敷及應(yīng)用抗生素；膿腫形成后，切開膿腫 切口位置：外：順皮紋；內(nèi)：垂直皮紋 11. 慢性淚囊炎 危害性。角，次要 作用上、下、外轉(zhuǎn)，各自屬于橫紋肌，神經(jīng)支配分別是外直肌受第 6 腦神經(jīng)支配，上斜肌受第 4 腦神經(jīng)，其余受第 3 腦神經(jīng)支配。 視路是視覺信息從視網(wǎng)膜光感受器開始到大腦枕葉視中樞的傳導(dǎo)徑路。只能看到物體的粗略輪廓，不能辨別顏色。 睫狀體 —— 后房 —— 瞳孔 —— 前房 — — Schlemm 管 —— 小梁網(wǎng) ——集合管 —— 房水靜脈 —— 血液循環(huán) 一小部分房水經(jīng)虹膜隱窩吸收，或鞏膜上腔排出或沿中央玻璃體管到視盤周圍吸收排出。 中層：葡萄膜；虹膜，睫狀體，脈絡(luò)膜 內(nèi)層：視網(wǎng)膜 2. 角膜的組成 上皮層、前彈力層、基質(zhì)層、后彈力層、內(nèi)皮層 3. 角膜緣的概念。 外層：纖維膜；前 1/6 是透明的角膜，后 5/6 為瓦白色不透明的鞏膜，二者之間為角膜緣。 4. 房水的循環(huán)途徑。光敏感性高，在昏暗環(huán)境下可感受光刺激而產(chǎn)生視覺。對(duì)物體的細(xì)小結(jié)構(gòu)及顏色有高度分辨力 7. 視路的途徑。角，次要作用內(nèi)、外旋 斜肌主要作用內(nèi)、外旋運(yùn)動(dòng)，與視軸呈 51176
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