【正文】
system can use electric, hydraulic, r pneumatic power. The energy developed by the drive system is converted to mechanical power by various mechanical drive systems. The drive systems are coupled through mechanical linkages. These linkages, in turn, drive the different axes of the robot. The mechanical linkages may be posed of chains , gears, and ball screws. The controller in the robotic system is the heart of the operation .The controller stores preprogrammed information for later recall, controls peripheral devices, and municates with puters within the plant for constant updates in production. The controller is used to control the robot manipulator’s movements as well as to control peripheral ponents within the work cell. The user can program the movements of the manipulator into the controller through the use of a handheld teach pendant. This information is stored in the memory of the controller for later recall. The controller stores all program data for the robotic system .It can store several different programs, and of these programs can be edited. The controller is also required to municate with periphral equipment within the work cell. For example, the controller has an input line that identifies when a machining operation is pleted. When the machine cycle is pleted ,the input line turns on, telling the controller to position the manipulator so that it can pick up the finished part. Then, a new part is picked up by the manipulator and placed into the machine .Next, the controller signals the machine to start operation. The controller can be made from mechanically operated drums that step through a sequence of events. This type of controller operates with a very simple robotic system .The controllers found on the majority of robotic systems are more plex devices and represent stateoftheart electronics. That is ,they are microprocessoroperated. These microprocessors are either 8bit,16bit,or 32bit processors. This power allows the controller to be very flexible in its operation. The controller can send electric signals over munication lines that allow it to talk with the various axes of the manipulator. This twoway munication between the robot manipulator and the controller maintains a constant update of the location and the operation of the system .The controller also controls any tooling placed on the end of the robot’s wrist. The controller also has the job of municating with the different plant puters. The munication link establishes the robot as part of a pute