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外文翻譯--通過政府角色轉(zhuǎn)變加快中國旅游營銷的電子商務(wù)化-電子商務(wù)-全文預(yù)覽

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【正文】 ectrum from traditional sightseeing with lower expenditure to special interest tourism with higher expenditure from 1990s. With ines increasing, the travel preferences of sightseeing destinations shifted from historic and cultural areas(. Beijing , the capital city of the coun try , and Hangzhou , Zhejiang province)with large carrying capacity to natural landscape areas with smaller carrying capacity(. mountain resorts far away from cities); from traditi onal national parks to newly developed areas. Animation tourism including folk tourism , recre ation , and educational tourism, were on the rise. Special tourism programs such as outbound tourism, ecotourism and sports tourism have already emerged. Greatly influenced by the dynamic ine ladders, travel preference on the higher ladders tended to replace that on the lower ladders , thus each tourism product has a relatively long lifecycle. So there are kinds of etourism inter categories in China. Similar to most parts of the world, the information munication technologies (ICT) adoption level in tour operators in China lagged behind the airlines and hotels. However, the situation is gradually changing , but at a very slow the tourism in China is heavily regulated with a high degree of government intervention. This is particularly the case for the air transportation. Along with the quick development of domestic tourism , especially during the three golden weeks On public holidays of May Day, National Day and Spring Festival , the National Holid ay Tourist Forecasting System started its operation On September 21,2020. With such a system, tourist arrivals on all major tourist cities and visitor attractions and acmodation supply will be forecasted daily and publicized on the CNTA website as well as on other mass media, during the three golden works. People intended to travel can adjust their destination choice according to the forecasting results in order to avoid being caught in overcrowded attractions or cities. In March 2020 , CNTA(the China National Tourist Administration)conducted a survey of ICT adoption rate among 49 provincial and municipal tourism boards in China , According to the survey , the average IT adoption level is very low , both in terms of puter facilitation , trained personnel and munication infrastructure used. Only onethird of all tourism boards are fully equipped with internal information management system that can be readily conne cted with the national information working system ,known as Golden Travel Project , the latest move on ICT of CNTA. According to the Director of CNTA Information Center, whose opinion represents the views of government in etourism application in China , etour ism application in China can be divided into two parts: ICT adoption and Intent involvement. In terms of ICT adoption , he pointed out that China had lagged behind Europe and America for about 1015 years. He attributed such situation to five major issues: *Lack of synergy among various sectors within the industry , . without a working system involving all players of the industry , the advantage of IT can hardly be fully recognized; *Lack of infrastructure required such as munication bandwidth , technicians ,information and processing standards, etc; *Lack of information service providers and intermediaries to assist to urist enterprises; *Fear of business/ management process reengineering caused by technological innovation such as unwillingness to learn new knowledge , losing control of information or power , altering the habit of a life time formed by traditional business environment , adjusting new environment; * The information security problem, which is in a sense of cultural concern rather than technological. 3 Role ,Responsibility and Task the Governmental Shoulder The tourist authority in China, the CNTA was established in early 1980s. It plays a role of both tourism authority auditing the operation of tour operators, hotels and tour education institutions in China and destination image promoter via its overseas branches. The CNTA collaborates with Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC) , Railway Ministry and Transportation Ministry. Local tourism boards have been established at both provincial level and municipal level , under the leader ship of both CNTA and local govern ment, As the only destination management organizations(DMO)in China , CNTA has adopted puter work systems since 1992,primarily focusing on accounting. statistics and issuing tourist information CDROMs. In CNTA, 90% of office staff have been using puters connected with the administe ration Intra , posed of four SQL servers , and linked with Inter via a 2m DDN. As demonstrated in Fig. 2, the main function of the system is to deal with office paperwork . Since 1993, the server has been linked with local tourism boards at provincial level and muni cipal level to collect statistical data on a monthly base. In 1997, the official destination tourist
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