機(jī)械專(zhuān)業(yè)外文翻譯---車(chē)床及其結(jié)構(gòu)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 obtaining the final required dimensions with good surface finish by making slight depths of cut. Rough turning tools can be righthand or lefthand types, depending upon the direction of feed. They can have straight, bent, or offset shanks. Facing tools. Facing tools are employed in facing operations for machining plane side or end surfaces. There are tools for machining lefthandside surfaces and tools for righthandside surfaces. Those side surfaces are generated through the use of the cross feed, contrary to turning operations, where the usual longitudinal feed is used. Cutoff tools. Cutoff tools, which are sometimes called parting tools, serve to separate the workpiece into parts and/or machine external annular grooves. Threadcutting tools. Threadcutting tools have either triangular, square, or trapezoidal cutting edges, depending upon the cross section of the desired thread. Also, the plane angles of these tools must always be identical to those of the thread forms. Threadcutting tools have straight shanks for external thread cutting and are of the bentshank type when cutting internal threads. Form tools. Form tools have edges especially manufactured to take a certain form, which is opposite to the desired shape of the machined workpiece. An HSS tool is usually made in the form of a single piece, contrary to cemented carbides or ceramic, which are made in the form of tips. The latter are brazed or mechanically fastened to steel shanks． indicates an arrangement of this latter type, which includes the carbide tip, the chip breaker, the pad, the clamping screw (with a washer and a nut), and the the name suggests, the function of the chip breaker is to break long chips every now and then, thus preventing the formation of very long twisted ribbons that may cause problems during the machining operation. The carbide tips (or ceramic tips) can have differe
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