【正文】 e passage? A.takes full advantage ofhas a bad effect onshows signs ofSome high173。 It seems that a smaller environmental footprint and a healthier lifestyle could go hand in hand.（1）Which of the following statement will Paul Behrens approve of? A.schools program then that39。on effect on other areas of policy making. So if I39。s team estimates that following the rules could result in as much as a 17 percent reduction in land use, a 21 percent reduction in nutrient pollution, and a 25 percent drop in agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Cutting down on how much food we waste—which is roughly a third in the US—could help even more. The results are in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that. So that39。 You know those nutrition guidelines the government issues every few years? It turns out that following them isn39。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據倒數(shù)第二段中的“Many species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to search for food, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more plex level of processing.”許多物種都能理解數(shù)量之間的差異，并以此來尋找食物、做出決定和解決問題。根據第五段中的“If math doesn39?！笨芍?，RMIT大學 的此前的研究表明，一些靈長類動物、鳥類、嬰兒甚至蜘蛛都可以加減法。A Discovery About the Tiny Brain of BeesB.Bees can recogize the exact number.B.requires addition and subtraction two plex processingB.Longterm rules and short term working memory.C.t require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to include interactions of both longterm rules and working memory in designs to improve rapid AI learning of new problems,” said Dyer. The findings suggest that advanced numerical cognition (認知) may be found much more widely in nature among nonhuman animals than previously suspected. RMIT39。文章首句點明了文章談論中心：為什么隨著我們變老，我們會覺得時間過得更快？后面文章主要解釋了原因：老年人因為大腦退化，神經元的變化導致他們覺得時間過得較快。當我們變老的時候，大腦需要更多的時間來處理信息。ve got your aging brain to blame.和第二段中的Over the years, these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.可知，隨著年齡的增長，不可避免的就是大腦結構的老化。根據第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經元).可知，老年人覺得時間過得過快的原因是神經和神經元的變化。Time Flies FastC.The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.The electrical signals.D.re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。 The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知覺) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.rapid fire39。故選C。根據第三段中的The new material was lighter and... more likely to survive the Journey.可知A項和B項正確；以及After all, ... made the chalk powder easier to erase.可知C項正確；D項文章未提及。t draw the maps their teacher wanted on their tiny boards, so Pillans put several slates together to create a large board. ”在1800年，一名英格蘭校長James Pillans想讓他的學生們畫地圖，但是學生們在他們的迷你板上無法畫出地圖，因此校長讓學生把他們的迷你板拼湊在一起來制造一個大的板。故選D。Function of the blackboard.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，通過描述黑板發(fā)展歷程向讀者介紹了黑板最早的時候確實是黑色的，隨后慢慢發(fā)展變成了綠色。s the main idea of the text? A.They39。They39。To draw students39。D.C.B.t plaining either. After all, the new greenboards made the chalk powder easier to erase. Plus, the enamel left less of a glare and the color was nicer to look at. At that point, people started using the word chalkboard as a more accurate descriptor, but blackboard still stuck around.（1）What did the late 18thcentury students use in class? A.t draw the maps their teacher wanted on their tiny boards, so Pillans put several slates together to create a large board. Problem solved! From there, the idea spread quickly as teachers could finally show a concept to the whole class at one time. By 1815, the massive writing spaces were mon enough to earn their own name: blackboard.s up with the name? Originally, blackboards were really black. Before wallsized blackboards existed, late 18thcentury students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood, according to Concordia University, Those first boards were, in fact, black, and they paved the way for the larger ones. s green. So what39。 In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39。 The color change came in the 1960s when panies sold, steel plates, coated with green enamel (漆) instead of the traditional dark slate. The new material was lighter and less fragile than the first blackboards, so they were cheaper to ship and more likely to survive the journey. Teachers weren39。To make enough space.C. interest.（3）Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the greenboard? A.re more convenient to transport.C.re more useful than the traditional ones.（4）What39。Color of the blackboard.D.根據第一段中的，...late 18thcentury students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood...可知，18世紀的學生用的是“迷你板”。In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。文章第一段前四句話點明了文章中心：我們看到的黑板大多是綠色的，為什么叫黑板？通讀全文也可知文章主要講述了黑板發(fā)展過程中顏色從黑色變成綠色的過程和原因。 ve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經元). New research suggests 39。 Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often t