【正文】 mer vacation.（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)（13）It happened that the two cheats were there.(=The two cheats happened to be there)小結(jié)（:1)以that 引出的主語從句, is +形容詞/名詞/某些動(dòng)詞ed + that 從句.（2)在有些that從句中要用虛擬語氣(should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,、主語從句的用法主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It is ＋名詞＋從句It is a fact that … 事實(shí)是…It is an honor that …非常榮幸It is mon knowledge that …是常識(shí)(2)it is ＋形容詞＋從句It is natural that… 很自然…It is strange that… 奇怪的是…(3)it ＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句It seems that… 似乎…It happened that… 碰巧…(4)it is＋過去分詞＋從句It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道…It has been proved that… 已證實(shí)… (1)if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。例如：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work 。She always thinks of how she can work 。例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting 。例如：he studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）he studied English last term.（從句用一般過去時(shí)）I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時(shí)）he has studied English since 1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。I don’t believe he will do 。從屬連詞：連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,而if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否” told me that he would go to the college the next don’t know if there will be a bus any knew whether he could pass the ：連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, ,但what, whatever除了指疑問外, you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報(bào)的游戲？The book will show you what the best CEOs should you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎? 連接副詞：連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever, didn’t tell me when we should meet you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤嗎? None of us knows where these new parts can be 大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都可以帶賓語從句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are , told us that they would help us though the whole ,“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語從句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能計(jì)算出這次旅行我們將花費(fèi)多少錢嗎? 動(dòng)詞短語也可以帶賓語從句常見的這些詞有:make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them ①動(dòng)詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語的時(shí)候, think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the , have made it a rule that I keep all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this .②有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語從句時(shí)需要在賓語與從句前加it 這類動(dòng)詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see hate it when they with their mouths full of will have it that our plan is really take it that you will agree with you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in , 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.③若賓語從句是wh類,則不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be discovered what we had learned to be 用wh類的介詞賓語從句We are talking about whether we admit students into our new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into ,if引導(dǎo)的介詞賓語從句有時(shí)候except,but,besides三個(gè)介詞后可見到that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a ,常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the am sorry that I have troubled you so is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ,whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別① if和whether在作“是否”解時(shí),引導(dǎo)賓語從句常放在動(dòng)詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if② 少數(shù)動(dòng)詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I can’t decide whether to 。,此時(shí)第一個(gè)that可以省略,第二個(gè)that不可以省略。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。This is where our problem 。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語從句。He has bee what he wanted to be ten years 。His suggestion is that we should stay ，我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。how I can persuade her to join us in the 。Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing : The question is why he cried that在表語從句中不可以省掉。(what 在表語從句中充當(dāng)賓語)// What I told him was that I would find him a good 。(前文提到Jeanne對(duì)老婦人顯得蒼老憔悴深感詫異，說話人對(duì)她講述了其中的原因之后，用這一句來進(jìn)行概括)?！癟hat is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last is because he had to help his little sister with her ，那是因?yàn)樗脦椭拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。例如： The news that we won the game is 。試比較下面兩個(gè)例句:I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）簡(jiǎn)介同位。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen 。(第一句話說明原因，第二句話說明結(jié)果)五、同位語從句同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。下面是兩個(gè)與“That is why...”形式相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，它們與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系要能夠辨析清楚：(1)“That is why...”與“That is the reason why...”同義，只不過從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上講，“That is the reason why...”中why引導(dǎo)的是—個(gè)定語從句，將其中的the reason去掉則與“That is why...”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣，例如： That is(the reason)why I cannot 。(what在表語從句中充當(dāng)直接賓語)// That is why she failed to pass the 。名詞性從句在be等系動(dòng)詞后作表語時(shí)被稱為表語從句，例如： The problem is how we can get the things we 。False: The question is when can he arrive at the : The question is when he can arrive at the 不可以用if，而用whether 連接表語從句(as if 例外）。who will travel with me to Beijing 。She has remained where I stood yesterday for an 。說明主語是什么或者怎么[1]樣，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充當(dāng)，和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。It looks as if it is going to 。例如：The fact is that we have lost the 。當(dāng)賓語從句的主語是非謂語動(dòng)詞或主語從句時(shí)。,賓語從句之前時(shí)。從句用過去某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。I wonder whether he will e or 。其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever,