【正文】 hat，且that不能省略；如果不完整，確定所缺成分，然后結(jié)合句意選定答案。②從句成分完整，但意思不完整，就用whether(是否)，切記此時(shí)不能用if代替whether。命題法1 考查表語從句典例1 A ship in harbor is safe, but that39。典例2 As John Lennon once said, life is that happens to you while you are busy making other [答案] that→what 句意：正如約翰(2)在語篇型語法填空中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子成分，結(jié)合句意。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用于解釋說明idea的內(nèi)容；從句中缺少狀語，根據(jù)句意此處表示原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。] 【解題法】 同位語從句的解題思路(1)掌握常跟同位語從句的一些名詞如suggestion, advice, hope等，了解同位語從句的功能。(3)在短文改錯(cuò)中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞的誤用、漏用和多余。] 2．“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________my mother used to tell what [句意：“每次你吃甜東西，喝點(diǎn)綠茶。] 3．—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I39。類似例子還有：He is no longer what(＝the one that)he used to be。] 5．Courage is a kind of quality ——and that39。故應(yīng)填what。t be most important thing is ________we must learn from our mistakes and move that [句意：不要難過，最重要的是我們必須從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，并繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容；在定語從句中，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，再結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填why。one percent of its surface is covered by 答案 why→because [句意：從太空看，地球是藍(lán)色的。因此把why改為because。] 3．Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is what she expects to be successful all the 答案 what→that [句意：如果能稱之為問題的話，她唯一的問題是她一直想成功。] 5．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been 答案 that→whether [句意：即使所有的因素都考慮了，系統(tǒng)是否會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)仍有些疑問。] 7．The expert39。[答案] What [心得體會(huì)][例2] I have no idea ________ he will e here or not this afternoon, for he is very busy at the present time.[錯(cuò)解] which/that/if [錯(cuò)因分析] 該題貌似定語從句，考生易誤填which/that。[答案] whether [心得體會(huì)]易錯(cuò)題二：漏用關(guān)系詞[例] She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood ________ ________ he said meant.[錯(cuò)解] that。what [心得體會(huì)]易錯(cuò)題三：名詞性從句中用it作形式主語或賓語[例] ________has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps toprotect you against serious illnesses in later life.[錯(cuò)解] What [錯(cuò)因分析] 考生誤認(rèn)為此空引導(dǎo)主語從句，缺少主語，誤填What。【名師點(diǎn)睛】主語從句 Subject Clauses(在主語的位置上), 也可以是特殊疑問詞wh。句意：Jane漫無目的地走在兩旁栽樹的街道上，不知道她將去往何方，根據(jù)語境可知此處是表地點(diǎn)的，很容易就可選出答案B。如果是定語從句，那么half of后面的價(jià)格則是$20的一半，即$10，再結(jié)合“down to”可知，原來的價(jià)格高于$20，因此不是定語從句。4)“動(dòng)詞+it十形容詞／名詞+that從句”常見的后接it作形式賓語的動(dòng)詞有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。2)當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)時(shí)，賓語從句必須用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。例 如：When do you think he will e back? Do you think when he will e back?(錯(cuò)句）6)當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是wish時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要用虛擬語氣；當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞是suggest，demand，require等詞時(shí)，從句要用可省略should的虛擬語氣。天津】 asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’ 【答案】C 【解析】試題分析：句意：他問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了，我承認(rèn)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題是對(duì)賓語從句中連詞的考查。helps是謂語，“________ you can do”是主語部分，即主語從句，在主語從句中，do后缺少賓語，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引導(dǎo)，故選C。北京】 most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from 【答案】B 【解析】 考點(diǎn)：考查表語從句 【名師點(diǎn)睛】表語從句 Predictive Clauses(在be動(dòng)詞 后), 也可以是wh的特殊疑問詞。 + be + 形容詞+that從句適用于這種句型的常見形容詞有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。表語為 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, ，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式一般為“should ＋ 動(dòng)詞原形”3)It is necessary that you(should)master the 。3)It is a great shame that he should have stolen a ，真是太丟臉了。2)It’。 + be+ 過去分詞+ that從句常有的過去分詞有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, wellknown, thought, suggested 等。2)―Tom has a bad 。很明顯，他們急需援助。江蘇】 is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to 【答案】D 【解析】 【名師點(diǎn)睛】that 引導(dǎo)主語從句：由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，在大多數(shù)情況下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主語來代替它的位置。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that? Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided will go makes no It is known to us that he is a famous It is not yet fixed when he will go to ，whatever引導(dǎo)主語從句，同時(shí)作do的賓語。2016年高考題1.【2016；；C是否；。8)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that?？墒÷?，但是當(dāng)兩個(gè)that從句由and或or連接時(shí)，第二個(gè)從句的that不能省略。4)當(dāng)主句謂語是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，賓語從句的意義是否定時(shí)，not要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中；但當(dāng)從句有否定意義的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等詞時(shí)，否定詞不轉(zhuǎn)移。后常接賓語從句的介詞有on，about，in，but，except等。賓語從句 1)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動(dòng)詞有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等2)wh，if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后常接wh，if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動(dòng)詞有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find out，imagine，inform,1nquire, know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。【2017 連用的詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別l 區(qū)分使用wh和whever: wh 有疑問的意思；whever有肯定強(qiáng)調(diào)的意思 *Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.*Whoever es here is weled.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I whever 在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)不能用no matter wh來替換，但在引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí)可以替換 Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he??【2017北京】 year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite 【答案】B 代詞，根據(jù)意思可知是人獲獎(jiǎng)，故排除AD，因?yàn)樾枰鲋髡Z，只能用主格代詞who，故選B。第二個(gè)空認(rèn)為said后缺賓語，填what。根據(jù)語意可知，idea后面接一個(gè)同位語從句，該從句是對(duì)idea的解釋說明，且由后面的“or not”可知應(yīng)用whether。此處為同位語從句，解釋說明argument的內(nèi)容，因從句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引導(dǎo)。] 6．People all over the world have a dream whether they will always live a peaceful 答案 whether→that [句意：全世界的人民都有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，即永遠(yuǎn)過著和平的生活。] 4．The problem is what we can improve our reading skill in such a short 答案 what→how [句意：?jiǎn)栴}是我們?nèi)绾卧谶@么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)提高我們的閱讀技能。s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow 答案 why→that [句意：通過數(shù)年的研究，兒童早期睡眠問題長(zhǎng)大后有可能繼續(xù)的證據(jù)已經(jīng)被找到了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為表語從句，表示原因，故用because。此處為表語從句，從句不缺少成分，所以用that引導(dǎo)。] 8．I39。make a difference意為“起作用，有影響”；本句中“________makes a difference”是表語從句，因?yàn)閺木淙敝髡Z，故用what。that39。s________I was born.” 答案 where [句意：奶奶指著那個(gè)醫(yī)院說：“那就是我出生的地方。我現(xiàn)在這樣就是你造就的呀。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查的是表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。A．單句填空1．The best moment for the football star was ________he scored the winning when [句意：對(duì)這個(gè)足球明星來說，進(jìn)球得分的時(shí)刻是最好的時(shí)刻。同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that較多見，也會(huì)考到when, where等。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知。that39。(3)在短文改錯(cuò)中，主要考查引導(dǎo)詞的錯(cuò)用、漏用和多余。此處引導(dǎo)表語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語，把that改為what。but連接的并列句中that39。根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思進(jìn)一步選擇用哪一個(gè)連接代詞。如果從句中的謂語是不及物動(dòng)詞，那么后面的部分是狀語，再根據(jù)缺少的意思來選定答案。(賓語從句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to ，我都會(huì)把這本字典給他。的區(qū)別wh173。ever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句？做題時(shí)，我們要認(rèn)真分析語境，看看句子要表達(dá)什么意思，如果表示任何一個(gè)人或事物，無范圍可言，就用wh173。試比較：What you choose to wear should be 。(√)He impressed the