basicstatisticsuseofminitab英文(ppt 61頁(yè))(文件)
【正文】 tions are made. ? Variability can e about due to changes in ? material quality ? machine settings or conditions ? manpower standards ? methods of processing ? measurement ? milieu (environment) 3 Belton Confidential: For training only Population Sample ? Population ? the entire set of measurements of interest ? Sample ? a subset of data from the population ? Parameters ? numerical measures of a population ? Statistics ? numerical measures of a sample 4 Belton Confidential: For training only Parameter vs Statistic Parameter Statistic Mean Variance Standard Deviation ?x2?ss5 Belton Confidential: For training only Type of data – “Gappiness” ? Whether there are gaps between successively observed values of a variable. Discrete Variable ? gaps exist between observations ? obtained by counting Continuous Variable ? no gaps exist between observations ? obtained by measuring 6 Belton Confidential: For training only Statistics Objectives ? Statistics is the branch of science that deals with the collection, presentation, analysis interpretation of data for the purpose of decisionmaking and problemsolving. Objectives of Statistics: ? data reduction — Descriptive Statistics ? inferential measurement — Inferential Statistics ? identification of relationships — Regression, ANOVA 7 Belton Confidential: For training only Statistics Overview Statistics Descriptive Statistics Inferential Statistics Graphical Presentations Numerical Measures Charts Tables Location Dispersion Shape Parameter Estimation Hypothesis Testing Point Estimate Interval Estimate Parametric Methods Nonparametric Methods 8 Belton Confidential: For training only Descriptive Inferential Statistics ? Descriptive Statistics ? prises those methods concerned with collecting and describing a set of data so as to yield meaning information ? Inferential Statistics ? prises those methods concerned with the analysis of a subset of data leading to predictions or inferences about the entire set of data 9 Belton Confidential: For training only Descriptive Statistics Overview Descriptive Statistics Graphical Presentations Numerical Measures Charts Tables Dot Plot Box Plot Histogram Stem Leaf Diagram Bar Chart Trend Chart Frequency Distribution
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