【正文】 change Data gathering is an intervention itself Done with intent to provide feedback M5: Checklist for Quantitative Analysis (if large group) followup focus groups Overview of quantitative analysis population survey data interpretation model demographic questions regarding employees on Communications Survey distribution/use Results initial focus groups and collect responses results survey to Change Plan Definition: Benefits and Pitfalls of Quantitative Analysis ?Assess over a period of time ?Apparently objective ?Cheap and prehensive ?Requires prethinking about what you are looking for ?Involves many people ?Rapid analysis ?Opportunity to norm ?Benchmarks subcultures ?Easy to repeat (measuring) ?May not measure culture a) at all or b) in the ways you want ?Can be manipulated ?Creates expectation of rapid, indepth feedback ?Production/management issues can distract you from the diagnosis ?Can be hard to plete Benefits Pitfalls 。t do anything to change the anisation ? Not robust ? Subject to prejudices of observer ? Unfocused Overview of Qualitative Analysis Three keys for gathering qualitative information Accuracy through carefully structuring activities to gather parable information from multiple sources Process of gathering information in itself is an intervention Done with intent to provide feedback – Focus Groups – Repertory Grid – Critical Incident Analysis – Structured Interviews – Hotline Examples Definition: Checklist for Qualitative Analysis 8. Organise data focus group/interview discussion guides and clear purpose 2. Select participants 4. Clear participation with supervisors 5. Invite participants 6. Conduct interviews/focus groups 7. Analyse data/form hypotheses Main Steps for Qualitative Analysis 3. Determine data packaging and distribution 9. Plan actions Benefits and Pitfalls of Qualitative Analysis ?Assess over a period of time ?It is an intervention ?Helps to manage stakeholders ?Rich and focused ?Specific to this client ?Their language ?Creates ownership and understanding through involvement ?Airs issues ?PR value ?Facilitator can influence outes ?Requires sizeable amounts of people39。 proactivity in observing and reacting to external factors (Competitors, Markets, Regulatory environment)。 Firing people。 Training。 Nature of Measures, Measurement of individual vs team goals。 Conflict resolution。What Culture Is Cultural artifacts and manifestations Culture is visible all around the anisation in many artifacts and manifestations, such as performance standards, icons, myths and stories, rituals, traditions, the language people adopt, and the way relationships are encouraged to develop. Values Beliefs Climate Norms Symbols Philosophy The core or essence of culture Its underpinnings Values and beliefs are the deeply seated underpinnings that influence individual and anisational behaviour every day. For example: They influence the way people are rewarded (collectively/individually/both) or the way they are encouraged to ask permission before taking r