organizationalchangedevelopment（英文版）(文件)
【正文】 support,negotiation, manipulation cooperation,coersion ? the politics of change:threaten the status quo。 put aside old ways of thinking。discussion follows remedies are suggested. Interventions ? Process consultation(PC):consultant gives a client insight into what is going on around the client, between the client other people。 be open with each other without fear of 。 long tenure in is associated with . where there are slack resource,bearing the cost of 。 2ndorder:multidimensional, multilevel,discontinuous, radical ? Change agents: persons acting as catalysts assume the responsibility for managing can change agents change? ? Structure:alter 1 or more of the key elements in ,major modifications in ? technology:most of early studies dealt with efforts aimed at technological of new equipment,tools,methods。Dimensions of Organizational Change Top Down _______________ Bottomup Radical _______________ Incremental Discontinuous _____________ Continuous Planned _______________ Emergent OD Incremental, gradual, planed changes Organizational transformationDecisive, rapid,fundamental changes Chap. 18 Organizational Change Development 167。change behavior ? order of magnitude:1storder:linear continuous, no fundamental shift。 power, stakeholder,impetusnew er to managing change (1) 3Phase (Lewin’ s notion) ? Unfreezing:change effort to overe the pressures of both individual group conformity, ? implementatio
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