城市規(guī)劃思想發(fā)展(文件)
【正文】 1978 ? 生態(tài)環(huán)境危機，可持續(xù)發(fā)展 ? 城市環(huán)境的美學質(zhì)量，更新城市設(shè)計理論 ? 土地開發(fā)與規(guī)劃方案對地方民主控制的開放程度，參與式規(guī)劃 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 Sustainable Development 1962 Rachel Carson publishes Silent Spring” 1968 Paul Erlich39。 ? “新城市主義 ”從鄰里出發(fā)的城市設(shè)計原則包括這些方面 ? 城市和發(fā)展區(qū)必須有清晰的邊界，以控制市郊的無限擴張。 ? 一個健康的鄰里應(yīng)該包容不同階層、不同類型的人和不同類型的活動。 ?從物質(zhì)和美學的視角，變化為社會生活和經(jīng)濟活動方面。 The new urbanist Redmond Town Center contrasts with the typical strip mercial development of suburbia, below Before view of College Homes, Knoxville, Tennessee. In areas marred by vacant lots and empty streets, these proposals seek to restore the types of lively urban spaces that reinforce a sense of security. After views of College Homes, Knoxville, Tennessee. In areas marred by vacant lots and empty streets, these proposals seek to restore the types of lively urban spaces that reinforce a sense of security. Forest Park, St. Louis, before revitilization. In areas marred by vacant lots and empty streets, these proposals seek to restore the types of lively urban spaces that reinforce a sense of security. Proposed redesign of Palm Canyon Drive in Cathedral City, California. An unsightly strip with 30,000 cars a day zooming by deteriorating buildings, Palm Canyon will be remade with extensive landscaping and sidewalks. Some 100 acres of new buildings frame public spaces. Urban design standards require inviting building entries, canopies, and lighting that encourage pedestrians. Highaltitude aerial photo of Seaside shows how the town is surrounded by regional open space, including coastal forest, beach, and open water. People will walk a quartermile to catch a bus, but when rail transit is available and the route is pleasant, they39。 ? 建立系統(tǒng)的城市開放性公共空間。 Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without promising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.‘ the Brundtland Report Our Common Future 新城市主義模式 The New Urbanism Charter of the New Urbanism Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU) 1993 designoriented approach based on the early planning theorists using spatial relation to create a closeknit social munity that allows diverse elements to interact. Peter Calthorpe a founder of the Congress for the New Urbanism and was its first board president. 基于市郊不斷蔓延、社區(qū)日趨瓦解，新城市主義主張借鑒二戰(zhàn)前美國小城鎮(zhèn)和城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)，塑造具有城鎮(zhèn)生活氛圍、緊湊的社區(qū)，取代郊區(qū)蔓延的發(fā)展模式。 ? “行動導(dǎo)向 ”的規(guī)劃人員將會是具備 “處理人際關(guān)系 ”技能的人 ? Real time,實時規(guī)劃而不是未來規(guī)劃 三、范式 3 合作 —溝通范式 ? 背景： 經(jīng)濟全球化、知識經(jīng)濟、信息社會；石油危機引發(fā)的經(jīng)濟衰退；后福特主義或后現(xiàn)代主義的形成；市場 政府 公眾的三元結(jié)構(gòu) ? 規(guī)劃理論與思想： 人文主義、多元主義的價值取向；新馬克思主義、新右派；由社會權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)向公民權(quán)、由國家本位轉(zhuǎn)向公民本位；基于問題的規(guī)劃、合作式規(guī)劃理論； 溝通（合作）模式 The municative(
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